ANT 



A P H 



finely powdered, into a glass jar, filled 

 with that gas. It unites with many 

 metals, some of the alloys being useful. 

 That with lead is used for the plates on 

 which music is engraved. With tin it 

 forms a kind of pewter, and with lead and 

 copper it forms printer's type metal. 

 Native, or rhombohedral antimony, occurs 

 in metalliferous veins in primitive rocks 

 in Sweden, and in the mountains of Ha- 

 nover, Dauphiny, Hungary, Brazil, and 

 Mexico. 



ANTIPA'RALLEL. Lines which make equal 

 angles with other lines, but in a contrary 

 order ; running in a contrary direction. 



ANTI'PATHES. The name given by Lin- 

 neeus to black coral, a genus of Cera- 

 tophyta. 



ANTI'PODAL. (from antipodes.) Relating 

 to the countries inhabited by the anti- 

 podes ; opposed. 



ANTI'PODE. (dvriTrofce, Gr. antipode, Fr. 

 antipodi, It.) Although this word is 

 occasionally, and with propriety, used in 

 the singular, yet it is more commonly 

 used in the plural number ; antipodes. 



Those people who, from their situa- 

 tion on the globe, have their feet opposed 

 directly to each other. 



AN'TIQUATED. In conchology, longitudi- 

 nally furrowed, but interrupted by trans- 

 verse furrows, as if the shell had acquired 

 new growth at each furrow. 



ANTISE'PTIC. (from ai/rt, against, and 

 arj-n-ui, to putrefy, Gr.) Substances which 

 prevent putrefaction. 



A'NTLER. The horn of the stag, or elk. 



A'NTLERED. Having antlers, as the an- 

 tlered elk of Ireland ; now extinct. 



A'NTRUM. (antrum, Lat. antre, Fr. 

 antro, It.) 



1. A cavern ; a cave ; a den. 



2. The maxillary sinus, situate above the 

 molar teeth of the upper jaw. 



A'NUS. (anus, Lat. anus, Fr. ano, It.) 



1. The termination downwards of the 

 intestinal canal. 



2. In conchology, a depression on the 

 posterior side near the hinge of bivalves. 



AO'RTA. (dopr/), Gr. aorte, Fr. aorta, It.) 

 The principal artery of the body, which 

 arises from the left ventricle of the heart. 



A'PATITE. A genus of calcareous and 

 brittle earths, composed of lime 55*75 

 and phosphoric acid 44*25. Apatites are 

 white, green, blue, red, brown, and yel- 

 low ; they occur both crystallized and 

 massive. Fracture conchoidal and un- 

 even ; lustre resinous. Specific gravity 

 3*1. The crystals are six-sided prisms, 

 low, and sometimes passing into the six- 

 sided table. One set of varieties, in 

 which the cleavage is very distinct, is 



named foliated apatite ; another, in which 

 the fracture is conchoidal, is called con- 

 choidal apatite ; and such varieties as 

 display an uneven fracture have obtained 

 the name of phosphorite. The crystal- 

 lized variety is found, extremely beautiful, 

 in Devon and Cornwall. 



A'PENNINE. Relating to the chain of moun- 

 tains called the Apennines. 



A'PENNINES. (apenninus, Lat.) A chain 

 of mountains extending through Italy. 

 What now constitutes the central calca- 

 reous chain of the Apennines must for a 

 long time have been a narrow ridgy pen- 

 insula, branching off, at its northern ex- 

 tremity, from the Alps near Savona. This 

 peninsula was afterwards raised from one 

 to two thousand feet, by which movement 

 the ancient shores, and, for a certain 

 extent, the bed of the contiguous sea, 

 were laid dry, both on the side of the 

 Mediterranean, and the Adriatic. 

 Lyell. 



A'PERTURE. (from apertus, open.) An 

 opening ; a chasm ; a mouth, or entrance. 



APE'TALOUS. (from a, priv. and irsraXov, a 

 flower-leaf, or petal, Gr. ) Without flower- 

 leaves, or petals ; not having petals. 



APE'TALOUSNESS. The state of being 

 without flower-leaves, or petals. 



A'PEX. (Lat.) The tip or point of any 

 thing; the highest point of a hill or 

 mountain. This word makes apices in 

 the plural, and not apexes. 



A'PHANITE. (from a, priv. and^aifw, Gr. 

 luceo.) A mineral, a variety of amphi- 

 bole. 



APHE'LION. (from airb, from, and ?/\tof , 

 the sun, Gr.) That point of any planet 

 which is most distant from the sun ; the 

 point of an orbit farthest from the sun. 



A'PHIS. Plural aphides. The puceron, 

 or plant-louse. Class Insecta, order 

 Hemiptera. The numerous tribes of this 

 family of insects are most annoying to 

 the florist, and most destructive to the 

 plants. The best means of destroying 

 them is either by fumigations of tobacco, 

 or by watering the plants with a weak so- 

 lution of the chloride of lime. They are 

 astonishingly prolific ; they live in society 

 on trees and plants, of which they suck 

 the juices with their trunk. 



A'PHRITE. (from d0poc, spuma, Gr.) A 

 species of stone composed of carbonate 

 of lime, and thus named from its frothy, 

 silver-white, appearance. 



A'PHRIZITE. A variety of black tourma- 

 line. 



APHYLLA'NTES. (from a, priv. QvXXov, 

 a leaf, and dvQog, a flower. ) An apeta- 

 lous flower ; a genus of plants, class 

 Hexandria, order Monogynia. 



APHY'LLOUS. (from a, priv. and QvXXov, 

 a leaf.) Without leaves ; leafless. 



