632 ORGANS OF GENERATION. 



MALY l found two pigments free from iron in the eggs of a water-spider (Maja 

 squinado) one a red (vitellorubiri) and the other a yellow pigment (vitelloluteiri) . 

 Both of these pigments are colored blue by nitric acid containing nitrous acid 

 and a beautiful green by concentrated sulphuric acid. 



The mineral bodies of the yolk of the egg consist, according to PoLECK, 2 

 of 51.2-65.7 parts soda, 80.5-89.3 potash, 122.1-132.8 lime, 20.7-21.1 

 magnesia, 11.90-14.5 iron oxide, 638.1-667.0 phosphoric acid, and 5.5- 

 14.0 parts silicic acid in 1000 parts of the ash. We find phosphoric acid 

 and lime the most abundant, and then potash, which is somewhat greater 

 in quantity than the soda. These results are not, however, .quite cor- 

 rect: first, because no dissolved phosphate occurs in the yolk (LIEBER- 

 MANN), and secondly, in burning, phosphoric and sulphuric acids are 

 produced, and these drive away the chlorine, which is not accounted 

 for in the above analyses. 



The yolk of the hen's egg weighs about 12-18 grams. The quan- 

 tity of water and solids amounts, according to PARKED to 471.9 p. m. 

 and 528.1 p. m. respectively. Among the solids he found 156.3 p. m. 

 protein, 3.53 p. m. soluble and 6.12 p. m. insoluble salts. The quantity 

 of fat, according to PABKE, is 228.4 p. m.; the lecithin, calculated from 

 the amount of phosphorus in the organic substance of the alcohol-ether 

 extract, was 107.2 p. m. and the cholesterin 17.5 p. m. 



The white of the egg is a faintly yellow albuminous fluid inclosed 

 in a framework of thin membranes; and this fluid is in itself very liquid, 

 but seems viscous because of the presence of these fine membranes. That 

 substance which forms the membranes, and of which the chalaza con- 

 sists, seems to be a body closely related to horn substances (LIEBER- 

 MANN) . 



The white of egg has a specific gravity of 1.038-1.045, and always 

 has an alkaline reaction toward litmus. It contains 850-880 p. m. water, 

 100-130 p. m. protein bodies, and 7 p. m. salts. LEHMANN found a fer- 

 mentable variety of sugar which SALKOWSKI showed was glucose. C. TH. 

 MORNER could not find any other sugar in egg-white; the quantity of 

 glucose as found by MORNER 4 was 3-5 p. m. Besides these one finds 

 in the white of egg traces of fats, soaps, lecithin and cholesterin. 



The white of egg of the Insessores becomes transparent on boiling and acts 

 in many respects like alkali albuminate. This albumin TARCHANOFF 5 called 

 " tatcdbumin." 



1 Monatshefte f. Chem., 2. 



2 Cited from v. Gorup-Besanez, Lehrbuch d. physiol. Chem., 4, Aufl., 740. 



3 Hoppe-Seyler, Med. chem. Untersuch., Heft 2, 209. 



4 Lehmann, Lehrb. d. physiol. Chem. 2 Aufl. 1855, Bd. 1, s. 271; Bd. 2, s. 312. 

 Salkowski, Centralbl. f. d. med. Wiss., 31 (1893); Morner, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem; 

 80 (1912). 



5 Pfliiger's Arch., 31, 33, and 39. 



