RELATION OF ENGRAVING TO OTHER ARTS. 285 



All north- savage I call NORMAN, all south-savage I call BY- 

 ZANTINE ; this latter including dead native Greek primarily 

 then dead foreign Greek, in Rome ; then Arabian Persian 

 Phoenician Indian all you can think of, in art of hot 

 countries, up to this year 1200, I rank under the one term 

 Byzantine. Now all this cold art Norman, and all this hot 

 art B}^zantine, is virtually dead, till 1200. It has no con- 

 science, no didactic power ; * it is devoid of both, in the sense 

 that dreams are. 



Then in the 13th century, men wake as if they heard an 

 alarum through the whole vault of heaven, and true human 

 life begins again, and the cradle of this life is the Val d'Arno. 

 There the northern and southern nations meet ; there they lay 

 down their enmities ; there they are first baptized unto John's 

 baptism for the remission of sins ; there is born, and thence 

 exiled, thought faithless for breaking the font of baptism to 

 save a child from drowning, in his ' bel San Giovanni,' the 

 greatest of Christian poets ; he who had pity even for the lost. 



68. Now, therefore, my whole history of Christian architect- 

 ure and painting begins with this Baptistery of Florence, and 

 with its associated Cathedral. Arnolfo brought the one into 

 the form in which you now see it ; he laid the foundation of 

 the other, and that to purpose, and he is therefore the CAPTAIN 

 of our first school. 



For this Florentine Baptistery f is the great one of the 

 world. Here is the centre of Christian knowledge and power. 



delineation. If you can refer to my "Stones of Venice," see 20 of its 

 first chapter. 



* Again much too broad a statement : not to be qualified but by a 

 length of explanation here impossible. My lectures on Architecture, 

 now in preparation, will contain further detail. 



f At the side of my page, here, I find the following memorandum, 

 which was expanded in the viva-voce lecture. The reader must make 

 what he can of it, for I can't expand it here. 



Sense of Italian Church plan. 



Baptistery, to make Christians in ; house, or dome, for them to pray 

 and be preached to in ; bell-tower, to ring all over the town, when they 

 were either to pray together, rejoice together, or to be warned of danger. 



Harvey's picture of the Covenanters, with a shepherd on the outlook, 

 as a campanile. 



