116 BACTERIAL POISONS. 



a wound, which was followed by tetanus, a bacillus which 

 they l>elieved to differ morphologically from that of Nico- 

 laier and Rosenbach, and which in pure cultures induces 

 tetanus in animals. The number of animals experimented 

 upon was great and included mice, guinea-pigs, frogs, 

 rabbits, pigeons, geese, sparrows, a chicken, and a dog. 

 The pigeons, chicken, geese, and frogs proved immune. 

 After subcutaneous injections a bloody oedema appeared at 

 the place of inoculation and pus formed in small quantity. 

 Paralysis first appeared and was followed by convulsions 

 and opisthotonos. Later studies lead BELFANTI and I'KS- 

 CAROLO to conclude that their bacillus is really that of 

 NICOLAIER, but differing somewhat from that of KITA- 

 SATO. KITASATO states positively that the germ which he 

 has isolated is absolutely anaerobic, while the Italians find 

 that theirs will not only grow aerobic-ally, but when so 

 grown will induce a classical tetanus. 



LAMPIASI found in the blood from various organs of a 

 man who died from so-called spontaneous tetanus, and in 

 two cases of tetanus in mules, a spore-forming bacillus, 

 which in pure cultures induced tetanus in animals. This 

 bacillus is wholly different morphologically from that of 

 Nicolaier. 



WIDENMANN reports a very interesting case of a boy 

 who fell from a wall and wounded his face on a piece of 

 vine-stake in the earth. The boy died of tetanus, and the 

 splinters extracted from the face and the earth about the 

 stake were examined. The splinter was introduced under 

 the skin of a mouse, which died thirty hours later of tetanus. 

 In the pus formed about the splinter numerous microorgan- 

 isms, among which a micrococcus and a short, thick bacillus 

 abounded, were found, but in none of the many animals ex- 

 perimented upon could the bacillus of NICOLAIER be de- 

 tected. In animals inoculated with the earth, however, the 

 NICOLAIER germ was found. WIDENMANN concludes that 

 the so-called tetanus bacillus is found in most cases on ac- 

 count of its very wide distribution in the soil and not as a 

 result of its causal relation to the disease. 



FLUGGE has produced tetanus in animals without being 



