I'll K M ISTK V i iF TIIK I'TUM A I N KS. 237 



The movements of the In-art and of respiration are at first 

 quickened and st relict liencd, hut before long (lie paralytic 

 etleets produce a constant slowing and weakening, till 

 finally complete ces- -ition of both inoveinents results. The 

 decided dyspim-a observed gradually alters its character, 

 and just before death the respiration is irregular and super- 

 ficial. The heart, as in frogs, eontinnes to beat after the 

 respiratory movements have ceased, until finally it stops in 

 diastole. Direct application of concentrated solutions of 

 the poison to the eyes produces almost always a contraction 

 <f the pupil, while a similar but less constant contraction 

 is seen when it is injected. The peristaltic action of the 

 intestines is heightened to such an extent that continual 

 evacuation takes place. Just before death, violent clonic 

 convulsions occur. Atropine possesses a strong antagonistic 

 action toward neurine, and the injection of even a small 

 quantity is sufficient to dispel the symptoms just de- 

 scribed. 



, ( 1 5 H 13 NO 2 = C 2 H 4 OH.N(CH,) 3 .OH. This 

 base is identical with the sinkalinc of V()N BAUO, the bili- 

 neurinc of LIEIUJKK n, and the neurine of BAEYEK, 

 M AIM N< >-/rco, and others. According to SOHMfBDBBBRG 

 and HAUNACK, it is identical with LETELLIER'S amanitine 

 (airaricine), to which they assign, however, the formula 

 (CH 3 ) 3 N.(CHOH.CH 3 )()li. Choline was first prepared, 

 and so named, by STUKCKER, in 1862, by treating hog-bile 

 with hydrochloric acid. It was prepared synthetically bv 

 \\'II;T/ (iSu'S) by direct union of ethylene chlorhydrine 

 and trimethylamine. The reaction that takes place can In- 

 n-presented by the equation : 



^ 3 



' ( ^ 4- n? 3 IN- ( "3 

 C11 3 . 



l>.\KVEii (1S!G) obtained it by boiling an alcoholic extract 

 of the bra'n with baryta water; and LIKUIIKK n, in 180!), 

 showed that if the alcoholic extract, from which all the 



