106 



already mentioned. It occurs in the same position, that 

 is on the older leaves, as the Bourbon Aspidiotus. 



The white fly colonies are distinguished by the 

 presence of fine wax filaments, among which may be seen 

 the immature stages (Fig. 121) which resemble scale insects, 

 and also the winged adult (Pig. 122). These are delicate 

 little insects with broad wings covered with a fine dust of 

 wax, resembling flour. 



Fig. 122. Cocoa-nut white fly. 



Adult insects and white wax on palm leaf. Enlarged 

 ]% times natural size. (Original.) 



Control. If scale insects and white fly should 

 occur on young cocoa-nuts in sufficient numbers to render 

 the adoption of remedial measures necessary, these 

 insects could be well controlled by spraying with whale-oil 

 soap or some other oily or soapy spray material. 

 In the case of older trees it might be advisable to 

 remove the badly infested leaves and burn them. Both 

 the Bourbon Aspidiotus and the cocoa-nut white fly occur 

 on other plants, and where such plants are found har- 

 bouring these pests near cocoa-nut cultivations they 

 should be removed. 



Natural Enemies. Scale insects in the West Indies 

 are more or less held in check by their natural 

 enemies, and it is likely that this is true of the white 

 fly. These are both parasites and predators, the former 

 including parasitic Hymenoptera and fungi, and the 

 latter the lady birds, and lace wing flies. 



