188 THE INSECT WORLD. 



yellowish colour running down the middle. It is found in July 



Fig. 158. Large Tortoise-shell Butterfly ( Vanessa polychloros). 



and September on the oak, the elm, the willow, and many fruit 

 trees. 



Fig. 159. 'Larva and pupa of the large Tortoise-shell ( Vanessa polychloros). 



The larva (Fig. 159) is bluish or brownish, with an orange- 

 coloured lateral line, bristling with yellowish hairs. The chrysalis, 

 which is angular, and of a red tint, is ornamented with golden 

 metallic spots. 



We give here a drawing of the small Tortoise-shell ( Vanessa 

 urticce, Fig. 160), which resembles the preceding, but is smaller. 

 Its caterpillar, bristly, blackish, with four yellowish lines, lives in 

 companies on the nettle. The Peacock butterfly (Vanessa lo, 

 Fig. 161) is very easily recognised by the peacock's eyes to the 



