22 LESSONS IN HORSE JUDGING. 



the full enjoj^ment of the services of his nipper 

 teeth, which vaiy mostly in the degree in which 

 they are worn down. Of course, the innermost 

 ones being first cut, first come into use and are 

 most worn down. 



These temporary nippers begin to fall out or are 

 shed at the age of two and a half years, or from that to 

 three years, and are shed in the order in which they 

 came ; first, the central ones, and so on, so that 

 we may say a foal has the use of his temporary or 

 milk nippers from one year old to two and a half, 

 or in other words, so far as his nippers are con- 

 cerned, he has a ' full mouth' from one year old to 

 two and a half. 



20.— It is now time we began to study the 

 anatomy of the permanent teeth in a rough and 

 ready way. We cannot get out of it if we wish to 

 be sure in telling a horse's age. Now-a-days 

 teachers discard pictures as worthless, and teach 

 by the aid of diagrams, so that you are not to feel 

 your vanity touched by our using diagrams instead 

 of pictures ; for while you would find acres of 

 diagrams in our great Medical and Veterinary 

 Medical schools, you would be almost able to carry 

 on your back all the pictures you would find. But 

 the two are judiciously combined sometimes; the 

 diagram to show the broad outlines and more 

 evident markings : the picture to exhibit the detail. 



Still referring to our Fig. 4, if you examine a 

 permanent nipper tooth, when it is extracted and you 



