28 LESSONS IN HORSE JUDGING. 



absent in one iris, and brown or some other colour in 

 the other iris. The iris which contains no colouring 

 matter will be white, and the horse is thus said to 

 have a * wall ' e3^e. This white or ' wall ' eye is 

 as good as its fellow-eye, but it gives the horse an 

 odd appearance which at best is unsightly, but still 

 'wall' eyes may be quite sound. 



23. — Whilst you are looking at the eyes in broad 

 daylight, notice if the eyelids are all right. Sometimes 

 they get torn with projecting nails and are injured 

 to such an extent that they cannot cover and 

 protect the e^^e. Also notice if the tears run over the 

 cheek. The tears are formed under the upper eye- 

 lid, but deep in the orbit or socket of the eye, and 

 wet the surface of the eye and then find their w^ay 

 to the inner corner of the eye and thence through 

 a canal into the nose. It occasionally happens 

 that this canal gets blocked up, and then the tears 

 cannot get into the nose and so escape. When 

 this is the case, they trickle out of the eye corner 

 and over the face, and scald the hair off. This is often 

 a curable condition, but very objectionable whilst it 

 lasts. You will say ' how is it that we do not find 

 the tears coming out of the nostrils if they escape 

 into the nostrils as they do in the horse and in our- 

 selves.' Well, because in health— except of course 

 w^hen we cr}^ — the tears are only formed in sufficient 

 quantity to keep the eye moist, just as the lining of 

 the nose only forms sufficient watery material to 

 keep it moist and no more. When there is more 



