56 LESSONS IN HORSE JUDGING. 



the withers the thinner from side to side will be 

 the neck, hence we find as a general thing that 

 horses with low withers have more, so called, fleshy 

 necks than those with high withers, because these 

 muscles are stowed and have to act at a greater 

 disadvantage. 



THE NECK AND HEAD. 



42.— We have next to consider the neck and head 

 together as weights and as fulcrums, also as power. 

 The head as a whole may be regarded as a solid 

 mass attached to the foremost part of the neck at 

 a variable angle. The upper and foremost part of 

 the bones of the neck meets the head at its very 

 top, (Fig. 7, B) that barely two inches of the head 

 is above the bony juncture of the head and neck. 



By this arrangement we get a lever of the first 

 order which moves the head as a rigid bar up and 

 down, the neck being fixed and acting as a fulcrum. 

 The upper arm of the lever, we have said, is about 

 two inches in length only, and so allows it, whilst 

 moving through very little space itself, to move 

 through great space the lower and longer arm of 

 the lever made up at the head generally. The 

 head has a side to side movement also, but we shall 

 not stop to consider it in any way because we think 

 our ends may be gained without this. Again re- 

 minding you of what was said about the superior 

 triangle of the neck being occupied by muscles, 

 which get attached to Ihe last five bones of the 



