THE BIRDS. 97 



The Peewit or Lapwing ( Vanellus cristatus). Vol. 4, pi. 192. 



The Ring- Dove, Cushat, or Wood-Pigeon ( Columba palum- 

 bus). Vol. 3, pL 164. Occasionally in considerable numbers 

 in ploughed fields about Scarisbrick and Halsall, consorting 

 with rooks, jackdaws, gulls, and other birds ; during winter 

 often seen in turnip-fields. 



The Common Partridge (Perdrix cinerea). Vol. 3, pi. 174. 



* The Greater Butcher Bird (Lanius excubitor). Vol. i, 

 pi. 33. Occurs upon the sandhills, apparently searching for 

 lizards, which, when obtained, it transfixes upon thorns, and 

 tears to pieces. A very fierce bird, in spring the terror of all 

 its smaller neighbours, and pursuing any one of them that 

 may approach its place of resort. 



The Smaller Butcher Bird or Red-backed Shrike (Lanius 

 collurio}. Vol. i, pi. 34. Like the preceding, this bird 

 impales its prey upon thorns, using the spines of dead 

 thistles, when it captures insects. 



* The Hoopoe (Upupa epops).Vo\. i, pi. 49. Once at 

 Birkdale. 



* The Rose-Ouzel (Pastor roseus). Vol. 2, pi. 120. 

 "Near Ormskirk." 



* The Snow Bunting (Plectophanes nivalis). Vol. 2, pi. 95. 

 Occasionally, in very severe weather, upon farm-land, and 

 among the reeds in the slacks between Ainsdale and Formby. 



* The Goldfinch (Fringilla carduelis). Vol. 2, pi. 108. 

 Has been seen upon the Birkdale sandhills, feeding on the 

 seeds of the Carline thistle. 



The Golden-crested Wren (Regulus eristatus). Vol. 3,. 

 pi. 162. Towards Church town. 



The Swift (Hirundo apus). Vol. 2, pi. 73. 

 H 



