XOX-SPORING BACILLI 251 



In broth : diffuse clouding ; later, a heavy, tough, slimy 

 sediment forms, and the broth becomes brown. 



In milk : coagulation takes place slowly, with slight acid 

 formation. 



On potato : the growth at 37 C. is characteristic. Growth 

 is rapid and abundant, and in forty-eight hours forms a 

 transparent layer over the whole surface, and of a yellowish 

 tint, like clear honey. The growth gets darker and more 

 opaque, and on the eighth day it is reddish-brown or 

 chocolate in colour, and at the edge the potato is stained 

 a greenish-yellow colour. Spirilla cholerse and Metchni- 

 kovi, and B. pyocyaneus give similar cultures. 



Resistance. Killed by one hour at 75 C. or two hours 

 at 60 C. In the dark, in sealed tubes and on artificial 

 media, it may remain alive for years. In watering-troughs, 

 it has been found after seventy days. Complete drying 

 kills it in a short time ; carbolic i per cent, in 30 min. ; 

 corrosive sublimate o-i per cent, in 15 min. 



Pathogenicity. Notable for horses, mules, asses, cats, 

 dogs, guinea-pigs, rabbits, and field mice. Non-sus- 

 ceptible animals are : cattle, pigs, birds, rats, house mice, 

 and white mice. In the horse, the disease takes two forms. 

 When affecting the superficial lymphatic glands, it is called 

 "farcy ; " when affecting the nasal mucous membrane it 

 is called " glanders," and is a much more serious disease. 

 In glanders the course may be acute or chronic. In the 

 acute form, chill is followed by general high temperature, 

 and in a few days the nasal mucous membrane is studded 

 with nodules, there is profuse nasal discharge, and later, 

 ulceration of the nodules and swelling of the corresponding 

 glands, and these also tend to break down. Finally the 

 lungs are involved, and death takes place in from one to 

 four weeks. In the chronic form, the onset is more gradual, 

 the nasal swelling being accompanied by subcutaneous 

 swellings all over the body, some of which tend to break 

 down and ulcerate. These swellings are the so-called 

 " farcy buds," and may persist for years. 



In man, the onset is usually violent, with fever and 

 general symptoms; and most cases terminate fatally 

 within two to three weeks, sometimes within a few days. 

 The infection is usually by a wound, which is followed by 



