64 PHYSIOLOGY AND TEMPERANCE. 



which carries the saliva across the cheek, and pours it into 

 the mouth opposite the molar teeth. The submaxillary, as its 

 name implies, li^s under the lower jaw, and its ducts open 

 into the mouth under the tongue. The sublingual is placed 

 under the tongue, beneath the mucous membrane, and has 

 a number of ducts opening into the mouth. A common 

 affection in children is inflammation of the parotid gland, a 

 disease familiarly known as mumps. 



10. The Fauces. At the back part of the mouth is the 

 entrance to the throat. Its boundaries are the soft palate 

 and the uvula above, the root of the tongue beneath, and on 

 either side the pillars of the fauces, extending from the soft 

 palate to the tongue. They consist of muscular tissue, covered 

 with mucous membrane. 



11. The Tonsils. Between the pillars on each side is 

 the tonsil. It is a large gland. The tonsils are often swollen 

 from a cold or from an inflamed throat, and may become 

 permanently enlarged, so as to interfere with the breathing. 

 Acute inflammation of these glands is commonly called quinsy. 

 Diphtheria usually makes its first appearance on the tonsils. 



12. The Pharynx. Immediately behind the fauces is 

 a large space or chamber, the pharynx. The lower portion 

 contracts into a narrow channel, the mouth of the gullet. 

 Opening into this cavity are the mouth and nose, in front. 

 On each side, near the top, are the openings of two small 

 tubes which lead to the ear. Below are the openings into the 

 windpipe in front, and the gullet behind. Both food and air 

 pass through the pharynx. The arrargement by which this 

 is done is very complete. Usually the soft palate hangs like 

 a curtain, behind which the current of air passes from the 

 nose through the pharynx into the windpipe. When food is 

 being swallowed this curtain is drawn up. 



13. The Epiglottis. At the root of the tongue is a 

 spoon-shaped piece of cartilage called the epiglottis. It acts 



