70 



PHYSIOLOGY AND TEMPERANCE. 



in the neck. It is at this point, therefore, that the nutrient 

 parts of the food enter directly into the blood current. 



The secretions which enter the intestine to be mixed with 

 the chyme are from different sources, and differ in their 

 action. There is the intestinal juice, from the intestinal 

 glands, whose ducts open between the villi all over the inner 

 surface of the intestine; the pancreatic juice, from the pan- 

 creas, and the bile, from the liver. 



18. The Pancreas. This is the sweet-bread of the lower 

 animals. It is situated under and behind the stomach, and 



varies in length from six 

 to eight inches. It bears 

 some resemblance to a 

 dog's tongue. The pan- 

 creas secretes a fluid called 

 the pancreatic juice, which 

 closely resembles saliva in 

 its action on the food. 



19. The Liver. This 

 is the largest gland in 

 the body, and is situated 

 immediately beneath the 

 diaphragm, on the right 

 side. Its weight is about four pounds. The human liver has 

 the same general appearance as that taken from the animal. 

 The liver is divided into a right and left lobe by a deep 

 fissure, the right being the larger. The upper surface is 

 smooth and rounded. In the -fissure are found the blood- 

 vessels, and a duct coming from each lobe. These ducts 

 unite and form one channel, for carrying the bile into the 

 intestine. At a little distance from the union of the two 

 ducts is another, which leads off the bile when not required 

 for digestion, and stores it up in a little pear-shaped sac, 

 called the gall bladder. After a meal the stored-up bile finds 



FIG. 24. Section of Stomach. 



