152 PHYSIOLOGY AND TEMPERANCE. 



examine the wound and wash it well with very cold or with 

 hot water. If the bleeding is too profuse to be stopped in 

 this manner, tie a pad firmly over the wound and free the 

 clothing above so that the blood can pass on readily towards 

 the body. 



6. Bleeding from the Capillaries. The simple oozing 

 of blood from a wound is easily controlled. Cleanse the 

 wound well by a good washing with cold water. Lay on it 

 the cold water dressing, or the same dressing dipped in alum 

 water, and secure it firmly with a triangular bandage. , 



7. Bleeding from the Lungs or Stomach. Keep the 

 person quiet and as composed as possible, and put him in a 

 reclining position with the shoulders well raised. Apply ice 

 or very cold cloths to the chest or pit of the stomach, and 

 give him plenty of ice to chew and swallow in little pieces. 



8. Bleeding from the Nose. This is a very common 

 occurrence in children and growing people, and is not often 

 alarming. Placing the patient in a chair, or allowing him to 

 stand, get him to raise both arms high above the head, well 

 extended, and keep them there for some time. Pinch the 

 nose near the end between the finger and thumb, and press 

 backwards or press upward upon the upper lip, or both. 

 You will compress a small blood-vessel in either case. Put a 

 piece of ice or a cold key to the back of the neck. The 

 sudden, cold shock causes the small blood-vessels to shrink. 

 The ice or cold water may also be applied to the forehead and 

 nose. Do not forget to undo the collar and free the circula- 

 tion at the neck. 



Any one of these simple means may suffice to stop the 

 bleeding, but if all fail, roll a small piece of cotton wool on a 

 long, fine pen-handle, dip it into a bottle of tincture of iron 

 and run it into the nose, keeping the pen-handle level and 

 allowing it to go straight back for about one and a half to 



