= 300 Calories. 



FATTENING BY LESSENED EXPENDITURE 307 



Suppose a man of 70 kg. is living on 40 Cal. per kg. per diem, 

 or 2800 Cal. made up thus :- 



120 grm. proteid = 492 



150 fat = 1395 



30 alcohol - 210 



170 carbohydrate = 700 



2797 



an extra 300 Calories can very easily slip into his diet by 

 some slight change of food or mode of cooking. Thus frying or 

 cooking meat as ragouts may double the Caloric worth of the 

 meat by adding fat. Taking an equivalent weight of bread in 

 place of potatoes doubles the Caloric worth of the latter. 



105 grm. ( 3*7 oz. approx.) bread 



370 (13 ) potatoes 



75 ( 2-6 ) cheese 



36 ( 1-3 ) butter 



300 (10-6 ) lean raw beef 



200 ( 7-0 ) eggs 



83 ( 3-0 ) sausage 



500 c.c. (17-5 ) milk 



An extra 300 Calories put on as fat would equal about 32 grm. 

 This gives more than 11^ kg. of fat in the year, or 16-J kg. of 

 adipose tissue (the latter contains water) (v. Noorden). 



Alcohol is not a fat-builder but a fat-sparer. It is easily burnt 

 and takes the place of fat or carbohydrate. 1 grm. alcohol = 7 

 Cal. = 0'7 grm. fat or 1-7 grm. carbohydrate. 50 grm. is con- 

 tained in a bottle of wine, or about three pints of beer. Alcohol 

 thus often takes a very large part in the causation of obesity. 



Lessening of water in the day's ration has been extolled as a 

 cure for obesity, firstly by drying the body (this can be only a 

 slight temporary effect), and secondly by lessening the appetite. 



FATTENING BY LESSENED EXPENDITURE 



This may be easily brought about by change in habit, illness, or 

 injury. Suppose, for example, a business man of 70 kg. and of 

 regular habits lives in a flat fifteen metres up, and ascends four 

 times a day. Suppose he changes his flat to the ground floor. The 



