DOMESTICATED OXEN 449 



DOMESTICATED OXEN (Bos taurus and B. indicus). 



The ordinary domesticated cattle of Europe such as the Spanish 

 fighting bull, the Kerry, Pembroke, Highland, and Jersey breeds, are the 

 descendants of the primitive wild ox, or aurochs (a name frequently 

 misapplied to the bison) of Europe and North Africa (Bos taurus 

 prnnigenius], now completely extinct in the wild state, although it 

 survived on the Continent till the Middle Ages. On the other hand, 

 some of the large light-coloured cattle of Southern Europe, such as the 

 draught oxen of Northern Spain, and the cattle of Italy, Greece, and 

 Hungary, may be derived from the zebu, although subsequently 

 crossed with North European cattle. Their horns are unlike those of 

 the aurochs. The zebu or humped cattle of India and the Galla 

 cattle of Africa evidently represent a totally distinct species (Bos 

 indicus}, now extinct in the wild state. The Ankole cattle of Uganda 

 and the ancient Egyptian breed appear to indicate another type 

 (B. ivgyptiacus}. 



Length on Circum- .. . ,,, Widest , .. 



outside curve, ference. Tip to Tip. ins ; de Locality. Owner. 



8iJ 18^ ic>3i ... Ngamiland . The late W. C. Oswell. 



17 100 124 Do. . A. Ohlsson. 



57 17 72 ... ? W. A. Simpson Hinchliffe. 



57 19^ 82 ... Bechuanaland Sir Edmund G. Loder, Bart. 



56^ 17^ 764 ... South Africa. R. A. Cooper. 



48^ 16^ 67 ... German Berlin Museum. 



E. Africa 

 47 15! 2i| ... Abyssinia British Museum (Sir H. Salt). 



(Galla Ox) 

 44 I2| 70^ ... ? British Museum. 



(about) 

 4 2 k 2 3s 22 k Central Africa Brit. Museum (Col. Denham). 



4if 14 52j ... Madagascar . Bethnal Green Museum. 



40^ 12^ 6oJ ... Vienna (Polish British Museum. 



Bull) 

 39$ 15 51 J Uganda . C. Craig. 



-38! I2| 53! ... Hungary . Dr. Albert von Stephani. 



38$ io.\ 54j ... Italy . . Bethnal Green Museum. 



37f 12 60 ... Cape of Good British Museum. 



Hope 

 31 J 10} 23! ... Galla . . A. E. Butter. 



- Owner's measurements. 



2 G 



