60 GENUS PINUS 



35. PINUS SINENSIS 



1832 P. SINENSIS Lambert, Gen. Pin. ed. 8vo. i. 47, t. 29. 



1867 P. TABtn^AEFORMis Carriere, Trait. Conif. ed. 2, 510. 



1881 P. LEUCOSPERMA Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. St. P^tersb. xxvii. 558. 



1899 P. YUNNANENSis Franchet in Jour, de Bot. xiii. 253. 



1901 P. FUNEBRis Komarow in Act. Hort. Petrop. xx. 177. 



1902 P. Henryi Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 550. 

 1906 P. DENSATA Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxxvii. 416. 

 1906 P. PROMiNENS Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxxvii. 417. 

 1911 P. WiLSONii Shaw in Sargent, PI. Wilson, i. 3. 



Spring-shoots uninodal, pruinose. Leaves binate, temate, or both, from 10 to 15 cm. long, stout 

 and rigid; resin-ducts external, or external and medial. Staminate catkins in short capitate clusters. 

 Conelets mucronate. Cones from 4 to 9 cm. long, ovate, symmetrical or oblique, tenaciously persist- 

 ent, dehiscent at maturity; apophyses lustrous, pale tawny yellow at first, gradually changing to a 

 dark nut-brown, tumid, the posterior scales often larger and more prominent. 



A tree of cold-temperate and subalpine levels, growing on the mountains of central and western 

 China, and at lower altitudes in the north and in Corea. It is recognized by its tenaciously persist- 

 ent cones with a remarkable change in color. It is constantly confused with P. Thunbergii and P. den- 

 siflora, neither of which grows spontaneously in China. From the former it differs in leaf -section and 

 bud (the bud of P. sinensis is never white) , from the latter in the lustre and the color variation of its 

 cone, and from both in the frequent obliquity of its cone and in the frequent presence of trimerous 

 leaf-fascicles. 



Of the two varieties of this species, densata and yunnanensis (Shaw in Sargent, PI. Wilson, ii. 17), 

 the former represents the extreme oblique form of cone, the latter represents the longest dimensions 

 of cone and leaf. The effect of environment on this species can be seen in figs. 202, 203, from a lower 

 slope and rich soil, and fig. 204, from a high rocky ledge in the same locality. 



Plate XXIII. 



Fig. 201, Cone of var. densata. Fig. 202, Cone of var. yunnanensis. Fig. 203, Leaf-fas- 

 cicle and magnified leaf-section of var. yunnanensis. Fig. 204, Cone and leaf-fascicle from a 

 rocky ledge. Fig. 205, Cone, leaf-fascicle and magnified leaf-section of the typical form. 

 Fig. 206, Seeds. Fig. 207, Conelet and its enlarged scale. 



36. PINUS INSULARIS 



1837 P. TAEDA Blanco, Fl. Filip. 767 (not Linnaeus). 



1847 P. INSULARIS Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 157. 



1854 P. KHASIANA Griffith, Notul. PI. Asiat. iv. 18; Icon. PI. Asiat. tt. 367, 368. 



1868 P. KASYA Royle ex Parlatore in DC. Prodr. xvi-2, 390. 



Spring-shoots uninodal, glabrous. Leaves from 12 to 24 cm. long, in fascicles of 3, rarely of 2, very 

 slender; resin-ducts external, rarely with a medial duct. Conelets mucronate. Cones from 5 to 10 

 cm. long, ovate-conic, symmetrical or oblique, tenaciously persistent; apophyses lustrous, nut-brown, 

 convex or elevated along a transverse keel, the posterior scales of some cones larger and more promi- 

 nent than the anterior scales, the mucro usually deciduous. 



A species of the Philippines and of northern Burmah. In both countries it is locally exploited for 

 wood and resin. It differs from the common form of P. sinensis by its much longer leaves, and from 

 its var. yunnanensis, which it more resembles, by its much more slender and pliant leaves. Moreover 

 its cone, so far as I can learn, is not yellow at maturity, but brown. 



Plate XXIII. 



Figs. 208, 209, Three cones. Fig. 210, Leaf-fascicle and magnified leaf-section. 



