86 GENUS PINUS 



abruptly much larger on the posterior face of the cone, each armed with a formidable spine varying 

 in size with the varying size of the apophysis. 



This species grows on the coast of California, in scattered stations between Mendocino and San 

 Luis Obispo Counties, and on the northwest coast of Lower California and on Cedros Island. It is 

 recognized by its oblique cones, conspicuously spinose, indefinitely persistent and very serotinous. 

 The unequal development of its cone-scales distinguishes the cone from the more symmetrically 

 developed cone of P. pungens. Fruiting trees of P. muricata may be seen in the Royal Gardens at Kew. 



Plate XXXVII. 



Fig. 315, Cone. Fig. 316, Leaf-fascicle and magnified leaf-section. 



62. PINUS ATTENUATA \ ^ . 



1847 P. CALIFORNICA Hartwcg in Jmir. Hort. Soc. Lond. ii. 189, (not ? P. californiana, Loise- 



leur). 



1849 P. TUBERCULATA Gordou in Jour. Hort. Soc. Lond. iv. 218, f. (not D. Don). 

 1892 P. ATTENUATA Lcmmou in Mining & Sci. Press, Ixiv. 45. 



Spring-shoots multinodal. Bark-formation late, the branches and upper trunk smooth. Leaves 

 temate, from 8 to 16 cm. long; resin-ducts medial or with one or more internal ducts,, hypoderm 

 biform. Scales of the conelet prolonged into a triangular spine. Cones from 8 to 16 cm. long, in ver- 

 ticillate clusters, sessile, reflexed, long-ovate, oblique, persistent and remarkably serotinous; 

 apophyses lustrous tawny yellow, abruptly larger and more prominent on the posterior face of the 

 cone, where they are usually prolonged into acute pyramids with a small incurved spine. 



A tree of slender habit and gray-green foliage, the trunk studded with persistent nodal cone-clus- 

 ters; growing on dry mountain slopes, from southwestern Oregon over the foothills of the northern 

 moimtains of California and its coastal ranges as far as the southern slopes of the San Bernardino 

 Mountains. It attains its best development in the northern part of its range, but is never a tree of 

 importance. The serotinous habit is more pronounced in this than in any other species. It is dis- 

 tinct from P. radiata, its nearest relative, by the color of the cone, by its smooth upper trunk and by 

 its much smaller size. 



The possibility of identifying P. californiana Loiseleur (Nouv. Duham. v. 293), through a cone said 

 to have been sent to the Museum at Paris, may cause this name to be applied, by reason of its early 

 date (1812), to some existing species. Don's radiata and tuberculata, although considered to be the 

 same species, were nevertheless founded on different forms of the cone. Under a very narrow con- 

 ception of specific limits tuberculata Don might therefore acquire specific rank. These considera- 

 tions seem to make it advisable to abandon for this species the names californica Hartw. and tuber- 

 culata Gord. for the later name attenuata. 



Plate XXXVII. 



Fig. 317, Cone. Fig. 318, Magnified leaf-section. 



63. PINUS RADIATA \ '^ 



1837 P. RADIATA D. Don in Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii. 442, 



1837 P. TUBERCULATA D. Don in Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii. 442. 



1838 P. iNSiGNis Douglas ex Loudon, Arb. Brit. iv. 2265, f. 2171. 



1841 P. SiNCLAiRii Hooker & Arnott in Bot. Beechy Voy. 392, t. 93 (as to leaves). 



Spring-shoots multinodal. Bark formation early, the branches and upper trunk rough. Leaves 

 temate or binate, from 10 to 15 cm. long; resin-ducts medial or with an occasional internal duct, 

 hypoderm biform. Conelets mucronate, the mucro small and dorsal. Cones from 7 to 14 cm. long, 

 in verticillate clusters, sessile, reflexed, ovate or oblong, oblique, serotinous; apophyses nut-brown, 

 lustrous, tumid in various degrees, the posterior scales abruptly larger and very prominent, the 

 umbo bearing the minute prickle or its remnant. 



