184 



AN INTRODUCTION TO ENTOMOLOGY 



Among the many types of larvae, there are a few that are of such 

 common occurrence as to merit distinctive names; the more im- 

 portant of these are the following: 



Campodeiform. In many paurometabolous 

 insects and in some holometabolous ones, the 

 early instars resemble Campodea more or less in 

 the form of the body (Fig. 202) ; such naiads 

 and larvae are described as campodeiform. 



In this type, the body is long, more or less 

 flattened, and with or without caudal setae ; the 

 mandibles are well developed; and the legs are 

 not greatly reduced. Among the examples of 

 this type are the larvae of most Neuroptera, and 

 the active larvae of many Coleoptera (Cara- 

 bidae, Dysticidae, and the first instar of Me- 

 loidae) . 



Eruciform. The cruciform type of larvae is 

 well-illustrated by most larvae of Lepidoptera 

 an.d of Mecoptera; it is the caterpillar form 

 (Fig. 203). In this type the body is cylindrical ; 

 the thoracic legs are short, having only the 

 terminal portions of them developed; and the 

 abdomen is furnished with prolegs or with 

 proleg-like cuticular folds. Although these 

 larvae move freely, their powers of locomo- 

 tion are much less than in the campodeiform 

 type. 



Fig. 202. Campodea 

 staphylinus (After 

 Lubbock). 



Scarabeiform. The common white grub, the larva of the May- 

 beetle (Fig. 204) is the most familiar example of a scarabeiform larva . 



Fig. 203. The silk- worm, an eruciform larva (After Verson). 



In this type the body is nearly cylindrical, but usually, especially 

 when at rest, its longitudinal axis is curved; the legs are short; and 



