23 6 Introduction to Botany. 



bloom. Are the flowers all alike? Are the pistils simple 

 or compound ? What term would you apply to the ripened 

 pistil ? What is the morphology of the fleshy part of the 

 fruit ? What modifications would the ripened pistil of the 

 strawberry have to undergo to be like that of the plum ? 

 Compare the flowers of strawberry and plum. Why are 

 these plants classified in the same family ? Why not in 

 the same genus ? What changes would the flowers of the 

 plum need to undergo to become like those of the straw- 

 berry ? How much of the fruit of the blackberry is formed 

 by the ripened pistils ? 



Rosa Arkansana (or other species). 



Describe the habit of the plant. Draw an entire leaf. 

 What descriptive terms would you apply to it ? Are the 

 flower buds formed on branches of the current year or 

 on older branches ? At what time of day do the flowers 

 open ? Do insects visit these flowers ? Do you find them 

 gathering nectar or pollen ? Notice the relative positions 

 of anthers and stigmas. Would self pollination probably 

 take place ? Make a longitudinal diagram of a bud show- 

 ing how the floral envelopes protect the inner parts and 

 how the latter are packed in small space. Make longi- 

 tudinal and cross diagrams of an open flower. Follow 

 the subsequent development of the fruit. What changes 

 would be necessary to make the flower of the strawberry 

 like that of the rose? What would be required to make 

 the flower and fruit of the rose like that of the apple ? 



The fruits of the rose are eaten by birds and the seeds 

 scattered uninjured. The bright color of the ripened 

 receptacle or "hip" makes it conspicuous in fall and 

 winter. Mice are fond of the rose fruit, but since they 

 gnaw into and destroy the seeds they are not useful in 



