Index. 



43 



Double staining, 384. 



Drawing, 1 ; procedure in, 2 ; rules for, 2. 



Drosera rotundifolia, 127, 128. 



Egg, 164, 167 ; fertilization of, 167, 168. 



Elder pith, inclosing objects in, 377. 



Elements necessary to plants, 38. 



Elm, 208 ; Cretaceous, 355 ; dispersal of seeds 

 of, 213. 



Embryo, 7 ; condition of, in seed, 18 ; forma- 

 tion of, 299. 



Embryology of flower, 205. 



Embryo sac, 165, 167, 203. 



Embryo sac spore, behavior of, 298. 



Endodermis, 49. 



Endosperm, 168. 



Energy, source of, 84; source of internal, 

 131. 



Environment, adaptation to, 303; result of 

 unfit, 304. 



Environmental factors, most potent, 319. 



Epicotyl, 7. 



Epidermis, 48 ; function of, 50, 56. 



Epigynous, 205, 206. 



Equisetum, 355 ; arvense, 301. 



Erigeron, 250. 



Erythronium, albidum, 221; Americanum, 

 221 ; dens-canis, 222 ; mesachorium, 222. 



Euphorbia, 210 ; serpens, 73. 



Evergreens, leaves of, 97. 



Excurrent trunk, 67. 



Family, 361. 



Fascicle, 159. 



Feathergrass, 208. 



Fehling's solution, 385. 



Ferments, 21 ; position of, 22 ; removal of 



products of, 23. 

 Fern, diagram of sphorophyte and gameto- 



phyte of, 295. 

 Ferns, 286; antheridium and archegonium 



of, 293; character of, 292; gametophyte 



of, 293; prothallium of, 293; rhizbids of, 



294 ; sperms of, 293. 

 Fertilization, process of, 166 ; result of, 168 ; 



time required for, 169. 

 Field work, 4. 

 Filament, 165. 

 Fixative, chrom-acetic, 382. 

 Floral diagrams, 152, 154, 155, 156. 

 Floras, factors governing, 328. 

 Flower buds, 69. 

 Flower, embryology of, 205; longitudinal 



diagram of, 165 ; morphology of, 201. 

 Flowers, guide for drawing, 150. 

 Food, character and location of, In seeds, 18 ; 



demonstration of value of, 14 ; reserve, 12. 



Forces, influence of various, 122. 



Fragaria, 363 ; virginiana, 235. 



Fragrance, 181. 



Freesia, 147. 



Fucus, vesiculosus, 266, 275; reproduction 



of, 275. 

 Fungi, 264 ; character of, 277 ; ravages of, 



283 ; saprophytic, 277. 

 Funiculus, 165. 



Gametophyte, 294-300; of mosses, 291, 



Genera, 360. 



Genus, 361. 



Geranium, 207 ; sylvaticum, 172. 



Germination, completion of, 27; necessary 

 conditions for, 20 ; time of, 19. 



Gingko, 354. 



Girdling, advantage of, 59 ; effect of, 59 ; pro- 

 cess of, 54. 



Glomerule, 159. 



Glucose, test for, 12. 



Glycerine jelly, 385. 



Goldenrod, 72, 73, 140, 208. 



Gooseberry, 207. 



Grafting, 72. 



Grape sugar, test for, 12. 



Grape vine, rise of sap in, 31. 



Graphis scripta, 284. 



Grasses, 111 ; tertiary, 356. 



Gravity, as directive force, 43; as guide to 

 growth, 61 ; influence of, 24, 114 ; to elimi- 

 nate effect of, 16 ; neutralizing influence 

 of, 25. 



Ground tissue, 53. 



Growth, apparatus for measuring, 101 ; con- 

 ditions necessary to, 112; diagram illus- 

 trating, 111 ; direction of, 23, 61 ; nature 

 of, 133 ; phases of, 112 ; rings of annual, 

 114 ; regions of continued, 110. 



Growth of cells, 108. 



Gymnosperms, early representatives of, 354. 



Habitats, kinds of, 305. 



Habits of stems, 73. 



Halophytes, 319 ; character of, 323 ; origin of, 



326. 



Halophytic conditions, 820. 

 Hazelnut, 207. 

 Head, 159. 



Heat, resistance to, 812. 

 Helianthemum vulgare, 850, 364. 

 Heliotropism, 120 ; definition of, 122. 

 Herbarium, character of, 867 ; preparing 



specimens for, 868. 

 Hickory, 67, 68. 

 Hilum, 7. 

 Honey glands, 148. 



