22 Introduction to Botany. 



VII. ERYTHRONIUM. Dogtooth Violet. Easter Bell. 

 (Gr., Erythronion, name of the European purple species; from erythros, red.) 



Scape bearing a single nodding flower, 2-leaved near the ground. 

 Divisions of the perianth lanceolate, spreading or recurved above. 

 Stamens 6, hypogynous, anthers not versatile. Style elongated, thick- 

 ened above, 3-lobed or cleft. Flowering very early in the spring ; bulb 

 cormlike. 



1. Erythronium albidum, Nutt. (L., albidus, whitish.) WHITE DOGTOOTH 

 VIOLET. Leaves elliptical oblanceolate, very little or not at all spotted. Flowers 

 white, bluish, or purplish; parts of the perianth oblong, tapering, recurved. 

 Asexual propagation by offshoots from the base of the corm. In moist woods and 

 thickets or on prairies. 



2. Erythronium mesachorium, Knerr. (Gr., mesos, middle; chora, land.) 

 MIDLAND DOGTOOTH VIOLET. Leaves narrowly oblong, not spotted, from \ 

 to i inch wide. Perianth not recurved nor much spreading. No offshoots from 

 the bulbs. On open prairies. 



VIII. TRILLIUM. Wake-robin. 



(L., triplum, triple, all parts being in threes.) 



Unbranched herbs. Stem rising from a short rootstock and bearing 

 near the summit 3 leaves in a whorl, which subtend the solitary sessile 

 flower. The outer whorl of the perianth of 3 green sepals, inner whorl 

 of 3 white, pink, purple, or greenish petals. Six hypogynous stamens 

 with linear anthers. Ovary 3-celled, styles 3 ; numerous ovules in each 

 cell. 



1. Trillium cernuum, L. (L., cernuus, nodding.) NODDING WAKE-ROBIN. 

 Leaves broadly ovate or rhombic, acuminate above, 2 to 7 inches long. Slender 

 stems from 8 to 20 inches high. Peduncle scarcely 14 inches long, recurved; petals 

 recurved. In rich woods. 



2. Trillium erectum, L. (L., erectus, erect.) ILL-SCENTED WAKE-ROBIN. 

 Stout stem from 8 to 16 inches high. Leaves sessile or short-petioled. Petals 

 from i to ij inches long, ovate or lanceolate. Peduncle i\ to 4 inches long, 

 erect or declined. Corolla spreading. In woods. 



3. Trillium grandiflorum, Salisb. (L., grandis, large; flos, floris, flower.) 

 LARGE-FLOWERED WAKE-ROBIN. Similar to the above, but petals obovate or 

 oblanceolate, from \\ to 2j inches long, white or pink, exceeding the sepals. 

 Peduncles erect or inclined. Rich woods. 



