Monocotyledones. 23 



IX. LILIUM. Lily. 

 (The classical Latin name.) 



Simple leafy stems rising from scaly bulbs. Large, showy flowers, 

 erect or drooping. Perianth colored all alike, or nearly so. Anthers 

 6 and versatile. Ovary 3-celled with 2 rows of ovules in each cell. 

 Style long, club-shaped above, stigma 3-lobed. 



i. Lilium umbellatum, Pursh. (L., umbella, a little sunshade.) WESTERN 

 RED LILY, i to 3 erect flowers which are 2 to 3 inches high. Leaves narrowly 

 linear, nearly all alternate, or the upper leaves verticillate. Bulb of narrow, jointed, 

 fleshy scales. Perianth red, yellow, or orange. In dry soil. 



X. SMILACINA. False Solomon's Seal. 



(Diminutive of smilax.) 



Simple stems from creeping or thickened rootstocks. Leaves alter- 

 nate. Flowers sometimes fragrant, in terminal racemes. Perianth 

 6-parted, white. Stamens 6, style short, stigma 3-lobed. Ovary 

 3-celled, 2 ovules in each cell. Berry i-2-seeded and globular. 

 Flowers in terminal racemes. 



1. Smilacina racemosa, Desf. (L., racemosus, full of clusters.) WILD SPIKE- 

 NARD. Stems from i to 3 feet high, bearing numerous oblong lanceolate or 

 oval, sessile or short-petioled leaves. Flowers on short pedicels in terminal 

 racemose panicles ; flowers about $ inch broad, stamens exceeding the parts of the 

 perianth. Berries aromatic, pale red, spotted with purple. Rootstock thick and 

 fleshy. Moist thickets. 



2. Smilacina stellata, Desf. (L., stellatus, set with stars ; from stella, star.) 

 Stems scarcely i foot high, bearing 7-12 oblong-lanceolate leaves. Flowers in 

 simple, few-flowered racemes ; perianth segments longer than the stamens. Berries 

 black or green striped with black. In moist soil. 



XI. POLYGONATUM. Solomon's Seal. 

 (The ancient name, from Gr., polys, many; gony, knee.) 



Stems simple, usually somewhat curved, nearly erect, springing from 

 a jointed rootstock. Leaves sessile and partly clasping. Flowers soli- 

 tary, or from 2 to 10 on drooping axillary peduncles ; perianth oblong- 

 cylindrical, or somewhat expanded near the apex, lobes 6 and short ; 

 stamens 6, included, more or less adnate to the perianth. 2-6 ovules in 

 each of the 3 cells of the ovary, style slender ; stigma capitate, somewhat 

 3-lobed. 



