60 Introduction to Botany. 



V. FRAGARIA. Strawberry. 



(L.,fraga, strawberry.) 



Acaulescent, perennial herbs, propagating by runners. Leaves 

 3-foliate, basal, and tufted, on long petioles with a sheathing mem- 

 branous stipule. Flowers on erect, naked scapes, corymbose or 

 racemose, polygamo-dioecious. Sepals 5-bracteolate, persistent, deeply 

 5-lobed. Petals 5, obovate, clawed, white. Stamens numerous. Car- 

 pels numerous, on an elongated receptacle which becomes fleshy and 

 edible in fruit ; carpels becoming dry achenes. 



1. Fragaria Virginiana, Duchesne. VIRGINIA or SCARLET STRAWBERRY. 

 Leaflets thick, broadly oval or obovate ; petioles 2 to 6 inches long ; inclined to be 

 villous-pubescent with spreading or appressed hairs. Fruit ovoid, red, the achenes 

 imbedded in pits. Scape shorter than the leaves. In fields or woodlands. 



2. Fragaria vesca, L. (L.,vescas, small or thin.) EUROPEAN WOOD STRAW- 

 BERRY. Leaflets thick, broadly oval or ovate, usually not so villous as the pre- 

 ceding. Scapes longer than the leaves, and the fruit lifted above them. Fruit 

 hemispheric or conic, red, achenes not imbedded in pits. Fields and rocky places. 



VI. POTENTILLA. Cinquef oil or Five-finger. 



(L. , potens , powerful, from reputed medicinal value of one of the species.) 



Herbs, rarely shrubs. Leaves digitately or pinnately compound, 

 alternate, stipulate. Flowers perfect, cymose or solitary. Calyx usually 

 5-lobed, subtended by as many bractlets. Petals mostly 5, often emar- 

 ginate, yellow, white, or purple. Stamens usually many, sometimes 5-10. 

 Carpels numerous, on a dry receptacle which is often hairy. 



1. Potentilla arguta, Pursh. (L., argutus, sharp, pungent.) TALL or GLANDU- 

 LAR ClNQUEFOlL. Flowers white, cymose. Stout and erect, i to 4 feet high. 

 Basal leaves with 7-11 leaflets, long-petioled. Stem leaves shorter with fewer leaflets. 

 Leaflets cut-serrate. Flowers white, about ? inch broad, in terminal cymes. Plant 

 glandular-pubescent. 



2. Potentilla argentea, L. (L., argenteus, silvery.) SILVERY or HOARY 

 ClNQUEFOlL. Flowers yellow, cymose. Stems ascending, tufted, 4 to 12 inches 

 long, white from woolly pubescence. Leaves digitately 5-foliate, the divisions 

 lanciniate beyond the middle, green above, white beneath. In dry soil. 



3. Potentilla Norvegica, L. ROUGH CINQUEFOIL. Flowers yellow in termi- 

 nal cymes. Erect and stout annuals or biennials with rough pubescence, 6 inches 

 to 2 feet or more high. Leaves 3-foliate, the lower petioled, upper stem leaves 

 nearly or quite sessile. Leaflets obovate to oblong-lanceolate. Styles glandular- 

 thickened at the base. In dry soil. 



4. Potentilla leucocarpa, Rydberg. (Gr., leukos, white ; karpos, fruit.) DIP- 



