Dicotyledones. 63 



X. PYRUS. Pear and Apple. 



(L.,/z>wj, a pear tree.) 



Trees or shrubs, with conspicuous flowers in corymbed cymes. 

 Receptacle (in this instance commonly called the calyx tube) urn- 

 shaped, fleshy, and adherent to the carpels. Sepals, or lobes of the 

 calyx, 5 ; petals 5 ; stamens numerous. Styles 2-5 ; carpels 2-5, their 

 walls of cartilaginous texture, ovules 2 in each cavity. Fruit, v a pome 

 or berrylike. 



1. Pyrus communis, L. (L., communis, common.) COMMON PEAR. Bark 

 smooth, branches apt to have somewhat thorny spurs. Leaves ovate with small 

 teeth. Flowers pure white. Fruit tapering toward the base ; flesh containing grit 

 cells. Native of Europe and Asia. 



2. Pyrus Malus, L. (L., malum, an apple.) COMMON APPLE. Trees with 

 spreading branches. Leaves broadly ovate or oval, rounded, or subcordate at the 

 base. Flowers pink or white; calyx tomentose. Fruit 15 to 3 inches in diameter. 

 Native of Europe and Western Asia. 



3. Pyrus coronaria, L. (L., coronarius, pertaining to a wreath or crown.) 

 AMERICAN CRAB APPLE. A small tree. Leaves ovate to triangular-ovate, 

 sharply serrate, and frequently somewhat lobed, rounded or somewhat cordate 

 at the base. Flowers rose-colored and very fragrant. Styles woolly and united 

 below. Fruit very acid, greenish yellow, fragrant. In thickets. 



4. Pyrus angustifdlia, Ait. (L., angustus, narrow ; folium, leaf.) NARROW- 

 LEAVED CRAB APPLE. A small tree. Leares oval to oblong-lanceolate, commonly 

 ovate-lanceolate and narrowed at the base, dentate or entire. Flowers pink and 

 fragrant. In thickets. 



5. Pyrus loensis, Bailey. (Latinized form, meaning pertaining to Iowa.) 

 WESTERN CRAB APPLE. Resembling Pyrus coronaria, but the leaves are white- 

 pubescent on the lower surface, oval or ovate, usually narrowed at the base. Fruit, 

 dull green with small light dots. In thickets. 



6. Pyrus Japonica, Thunb. (Latinized form, signifying relating to Japan.) 

 JAPAN QUINCE. A cultivated, thorny, and much-branched shrub from Japan. 

 Flowers scarlet red, produced in great abundance before the leaves. Leaves oval 

 or wedge-oblong. Fruit hard and green ; speckled. 



XI. AMELANCHIER. Juneberry. Service Berry. Shad Bush. 



. (Savoy name of the medlar.) 



Shrubs or small trees, with solitary or racemose white flowers and 

 simple, petioled, serrate leaves. Calyx campanulate and more or less 

 adnate to the ovary, with 5 narrow, reflexed, persistent lobes. Styles 

 2-5, cavities of the ovary becoming twice as many, with I ovule in each 

 cavity. Pome small and berrylike, 4-io-celled. 



