j6 Introduction to Botany. 



1. Rhamnus lanceolata, Pursh. (L., lanceolatus , armed with a little lance.) 

 LANCE-LEAVED BUCKTHORN. A tall shrub with thornless branches. Leaves 

 ovate-lanceolate, short-petioled, minutely serrulate. Greenish flowers in groups 

 of 2 or 3 in the axils of the leaves. Drupe containing 2 grooved nutlets. In dry 

 soil. 



2. Rhamnus alnifolia, L'Her. (L., alnus, alder ; folium, leaf.) ALDER-LEAVED 

 BUCKTHORN or DWARF ALDER. A small shrub with thornless branches. Leaves 

 oval to elliptic, serrated. Flowers greenish, 2 or 3 together in the axils, dioecious, 

 without petals, appearing with the leaves. In swamps. 



3. Rhamnus Caroliniana, Walt. CAROLINA BUCKTHORN. Thornless shrub 

 or small tree. Leaves broadly oblong or oblong-elliptic. Flowers several together 

 in axillary, peduncled umbels. Petals present. Drupe globose and sweet, contain- 

 ing 3 seeds. In swamps and along rivers. 



H. CEANOTHUS. New Jersey Tea or Redwood. 



(Gr., keanothos, a kind of thistle.) 



Shrubs, with white, blue, or yellow flowers in axillary or mainly 

 terminal, clustered umbels. Calyx mostly hemispheric and 5-lobed. 

 Petals 5, spreading, incurved, and clawed. Ovary adnate to the disk 

 at the base of the calyx, 3-lobed. Style short and 3-cleft. Fruit 3- 

 lobed, and separating at maturity into 3 nutlets. 



1. Ceanothus Americanus, L. NEW JERSEY TEA or REDROOT. Stems 

 ascending or erect, generally several together from a deep reddish root. Leaves 

 ovate to ovate-lanceolate, finely pubescent, particularly beneath. Flowers white. 

 In dry, open woods. 



2. Ceanothus ovatus, Desf. (L., ovatus, egg-shaped.) SMALLER REDROOT. 

 Similar to the preceding species, but the leaves are oblong or oval-lanceolate, and 

 nearly glabrous. On prairies and in rocky places. 



VITACE^I. GRAPE FAMILY. 



Woody vines trailing or climbing mostly by tendrils. Leaves mostly 

 palmately lobed, dentate, or compound. Flowers small and greenish, 

 polygamous or dioecious. Petals 4-5, hypogynous or perigynous, fall- 

 ing away without expanding. Limb of the calyx mostly obsolete or 

 4~5-lobed. Stamens of the same number as the petals and opposite 

 them. The single ovary often immersed in a fleshy disk, 2-6-celled, 

 with 1-2 ovules in each cavity. Fruit, a i-6-celled, but commonly 

 2-celled berry. Stigma slightly 2-lobed, on a short style or sessile. 



