Dicotyledones. 79 



reniform, crenate, with 5~9-rounded, shallow lobes. Flowers bluish white, clustered 

 in the axils, to inch broad. Petals about twice the length of the calyx lobes. 

 Waysides and cultivated grounds. 



II. CALLIRRHOE. 



(Gr., kalos, beautiful; rheo, flower.) 



Herbs, with lobed or divided leaves and showy flowers. Bracts of 

 the involucre when present 1-3. Calyx 5-parted; petals truncated at 

 their apices, as many as the lobes of the calyx. Stamen column anther- 

 bearing at the summit. Carpels about 10-20, united in a circle, each 

 i -seeded, beaked at the apex. 



1. Callirrhoe alcaeoides, Gray. (Gr., alkea, wild mallow; eidos, form.) LIGHT 

 POPPY MALLOW. Erect perennial, 8 to 20 inches high from a thickened root. 

 Basal leaves triangular and lobed ; stem leaves digitately divided. Bracts of the 

 involucre none. Flowers pink or white, about i inch broad. Carpels pubescent. 

 In dry soil. 



2. Callirrhoe digitata, Nutt. (L., digitatus, having fingers.) FRINGED POPPY 

 MALLOW. Similar in habit to the preceding species. Flowers i\ to 2 inches 

 broad ; petals fimbriate along their upper margin ; red purple to white. Carpels 

 hardly pubescent. In dry soil. 



3. Callirrhoe involucrata, Gray. (L., involucrum, a wrapper.) PURPLE 

 POPPY MALLOW. Perennials, i to 2 feet long, procumbent or ascending from a 

 deep root. Leaves cordate-orbicular, palmately lobed or incised. Bracts of the 

 involucre 3. Peduncle slender and i-flowered. Flowers red purple, i to 25 inches 

 broad. Carpels rugose-reticulate. In dry soil. 



VIOLACE^E. VIOLET FAMILY. 



Herbs, with irregular, i -spurred corolla and adnate anthers conniving 

 over the ovary. Ovary i -celled with 3 parietal placentae. Sepals 5 and 

 petals 5. Leaves stipulate ; flowers nodding. Style club-shaped with a 

 i -sided stigma. 



I. VIOLA. Violet or Heart's-ease. 



(The classical Latin name.) 



Herbs, with basal leaves commonly clustered. Flowers usually 

 scapose and solitary, nodding, often of two kinds, open and showy, 

 and cleistogamous and inconspicuous beneath the leaves. Sepals more 

 or less auricled. Lower petal spurred at the base, and the two lower 

 anthers with spurlike nectaries. Capsule dehiscing into 3 valves. 



