Dicotyledones. 



5. Viola pedata, L. (L^pedatus, furnished with feet.) BIRD'S-FOOT VIOLET. 

 Acaulescent from a thick, short rootstock. Leaves pedately parted or divided. 

 Flowers fragrant, blue to violet, opening widely ; petals beardless. Stigma beard- 

 less and beakless. On hillsides or in sandy or gravelly soil. 



6. Viola odorata, L. (L., odoratus, fragrant.) SWEET VIOLET. 'A native of 

 Europe, cultivated in gardens, and running wild in some localities. Spreading by 

 stolons, which take root at the nodes. Leaves and flowers rising from a thick 

 rootstock. Leaves ovate to orbicular, cordate at the base, crenate on the margins. 

 Flowers mostly blue, varying to white ; petals beardless ; fragrant. 



7. Viola lanceolata, L. (L., lanceolatus, armed with a little lance.) LANCE- 

 LEAVED VIOLET. Acaulescent; spreading by stolons, with root at the nodes 

 Leaves and flowers from a slender rootstock. Leaves lanceolate to linear- 

 lanceolate, gradually tapering to a petiole, barely crenate. Flowers white, the 

 lower and lateral petals purplish- veined, beardless. Along streams and in moist 

 meadows. 



8. Viola pubescens, Ait. (L., pubescens, hairy.) HAIRY YELLOW VIOLET. 

 Caulescent, villous, or pubescent. Basal leaves long-petioled, withering early. 

 Upper leaves short-petioled. Leaves reniform to broadly ovate, finely crenate- 

 dentate. Flowers yellow, purple-veined; spur short. In woods. 



9. Viola scabrisiicula, Schwein. (L., diminutive adjective from scaber, rough.) 

 SMOOTHISH YELLOW VIOLET. Resembling the preceding species, but less pubes- 

 cent, and stems slender and sometimes decumbent ; basal leaves usually persisting 

 through the period of blossoming. In woods and thickets. . 



10. Viola Canadensis, L. CANADA VIOLET. Caulescent. Stems tufted and 

 leafy throughout. Leaves ovate, sometimes nearly orbicular, glabrous, finely cre- 

 nate, acuminate, or acute. Stipules entire, ovate to lanceolate. Flowers pale violet 

 to white, purple-veined. In woods of hills or mountains. 



11. Viola striata, Ait. (L., striatus, furrowed.) PALE or STRIPED VIOLET. 

 Similar in general aspect to the preceding species, but the stipules are dentate, 

 pinnatifid, or fimbriate; petals cream-colored, light blue, or white, much veined. 

 In moist woods or thickets. 



12. Viola tricolor, L. (L. t tri, three; color, color.) PANSY or HEART'S-EASE 

 A native of Europe, cultivated in gardens, and sometimes running wild. Rather 

 stout annuals with leafy stems, and large, leaflike, pinnatifid, or lyrate stipules. 

 Flowers large, especially in cultivation, variously yellow, purple, blue, violet, and 

 white. 



13. Viola tenella, Muhl. (L., tenellus, somewhat tender.) FIELD PANSY. A 

 native annual resembling the preceding species, but the plants are more slender, 

 stipules smaller, and flowers smaller. In woods and fields. 



ONAGRACEJE. EVENING PRIMROSE FAMILY. 



Annuals or perennials, mostly herbaceous. Flowers axillary, spicate, 

 or racemose. Ovary inferior, the so-called calyx tube often prolonged 

 far beyond its summit. Calyx usually 4-lobed, sometimes 2-6-lobed. 



