IO2 Introduction to Botany. 



entire, 2-celled, rarely 3~5-celled. Ovules numerous on axillary pla- 

 centae which often project prominently into the cell. Often rank-scented 

 and poisonous. 



V. SOLANUM. Nightshade. 



(Low Latin name for nightshade.) 



Herbs or shrubs. Flowers mostly cymose, umbellate, or racemose, 

 yellow, white, bluish, or purplish. Calyx campanulate or rotate, 5- 

 toothed or cleft. Corolla rotate, 5-lobed or angled. Stamens inserted 

 on the throat of the corolla, the anthers connate or connivant, oblong, 

 each cell opening by a terminal pore, or by a longitudinal slit. Ovary 

 and berry generally 2-celled. 



1. Solanum Carolinense, L. HORSE NETTLE or APPLE OF SODOM. Peren- 

 nial, green, beset with 4-8-rayed stellate hairs, and armed with straight, yellow 

 prickles. Leaves oblong-ovate, sinuate-toothed or pinnatifid. Flowers racemose, 

 violet or white. Lobes of the calyx lanceolate or ovate, acuminate, about half the 

 length of the corolla. Berries orange-yellow, about f inch in diameter. In fields 

 or waste places. 



2. Solanum rostratum, Dunal. (L., restrains, beaked.) SAND BUR or TEXAS 

 THISTLE. Annual, densely armed with awl-shaped prickles and beset with 5-8- 

 rayed stellate hairs. Leaves deeply lobed or pinnatifid. Calyx very prickly, inclos- 

 ing the berry. Corolla yellow, about i inch broad. One anther much exceeding 

 the others in length and diameter. On our western prairies and in waste places. 



3. Solanum Dulcamara, L. (L., dulcis, sweet; amarus, bitter.) BITTER- 

 SWEET or NIGHTSHADE. Perennial with climbing or rambling stems, woody below. 

 Leaves ovate or heart-shaped, the upper leaves often halberd-shaped, or with 2 

 leaflets or more at the base. Corolla deeply 5-cleft, violet-purple, with greenish 

 spots at the base of the lobes. Berries red, oval or globose. In thickets or moist 

 places. 



VI. LYCIUM. Matrimony Vine. 

 (Named from the country of Lycia.) 



Low shrubs, or woody trailing or climbing plants, generally spiny. 

 Leaves small, alternate, entire, often clustered on lateral spurs. Flowers 

 solitary or clustered, purple, greenish, or white. Calyx 3-5-toothed or 

 lobed, persisting, but not enlarging. Corolla mostly funnel-form or 

 salver-form, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, the anthers dehiscing longitudinally. 

 Style filiform, stigma capitate. Ovary and small, globose berry 2-celled. 



i. Lycium vulgare, Dunal. (L., vulgaris, common.) COMMON MATRIMONY 

 VINE or BOX-THORN. Often somewhat spiny. Stems lithe, trailing, climbing, or 

 recurved. Leaves oblong-spatulate or lanceolate. Flowers axillary, solitary or 

 few-clustered on slender pedicels. Corolla funnel-form, purplish to greenish. 

 Berry orange-red, oval. In thickets or waste places. 



