THE ANATOMY OF INSECTS. 23 



locomotion ; these are termed prolegs, and are shed with the skin 

 when the larva changes to a pupa. In the adult the end of the 

 body in many families is furnished with jointed filaments, the ccrci, 

 and caudal setcz. Frequently also the body is furnished in the males 

 with organs for clasping, the claspcrs ; and in the females with saws, 

 piercers, or borers, the ovipositor. In the females of certain insects 

 there is a sting, which is used as .an organ of defence ; and the ab- 

 domen of plant-lice and certain other insects bears a pair of tubes 

 or tubercles, through which honey-dew is excreted ; these are com- 

 monly called honey-tubes ; they are also termed cornicles, nectaries, 

 or sipJiuncles. 



TABULAR REVIEW. 



The numbers and letters preceding the names of parts are those 

 by which these parts are designated in the figures illustrating this 

 chapter. In some cases, where there is no danger of mistake, only 

 the letters are used in the illustrations. Thus, in the figures of 

 maxillae, the cardo is indicated by a, not \\a. 



T TT H j Fixed Parts of the Head. 



/ Movable Parts of the Head. 

 ( Prothorax. 

 Body.- ,I.T hor a, Mesoiho^. 



FIXED PARTS OF THE HEAD. 



1. Occiput. ( 2a. Front. 



2. Epicranium. -J 26. Vertex. 



( 2c. Genae. 



3. Eyes. (Compound Eyes). 



4. Ocelli. (Simple Eyes). 



c Clvneus \ $ a ' Ante-clypeus. 



5. uypeus. ^ ^ Post . clypeus . 



6. Gula. 



MOVABLE PARTS OF THE HEAD. 

 ' B " lb " 



7. Scape, 



7. Antenna. , ^. Pedice! 



. Clavola. \ ;<r 2 . Funicle. 

 / lc\ Club. 



8. Labrum. 



9. Epipharynx. 



HT j-ui \ icvi. Prostheca. 

 10. Mandible. ' 



