124 



AN INTRODUCTION TO ENTOMOLOGY. 



FIG. 112. Mouth-parts of Thrips. (Drawn 

 by J. M. Stedman, under the author's di- 

 rection.) 8. labrum; 10, mandible; u, max- 

 illa; 12, labium. 



the wings sug- 

 Thysanoptcra, by 

 is designated in 



species. The mandibles are long, bristle-like, curved, and somewhat 

 flattened at the base ; the maxillae are broad at the base, and taper 

 to a point ; they are furnished with well-developed palpi ; the labial 



palpi are distinct, but less conspic- 

 uous ; the labrum, in the form fig- 

 ured, is furnished with a curious 

 appendage at its tip ; and the la- 

 bium is deeply emarginate. The 

 three thoracic segments are well 

 developed. The wings are laid 

 horizontally on the back when not 

 in use ; they are very narrow, but 

 are fringed with long hairs, which, 

 diverging in flight, compensate for 

 the smallness of the membrane. 

 This fringing of 

 gested . the name 

 which the order 



many entomological works. In some 

 species the wings are wanting. The legs are well developed, 

 but are furnished with very peculiar tarsi; these are two-jointed, 

 and are bladder-like at the tip. It is this character that suggested 

 the name Physopoda. The abdomen is more or less spindle-form ; it 

 is terminated in some genera by a long, slender segment ; in others, 

 the females are furnished with a four-valved ovipositor, which lies 

 in a groove on the ventral aspect of the abdomen. 



" The larva resembles the perfect insect, but has a softer body, 

 with the mesothorax and metathorax distinct ; the mouth is like 

 that of the adult; the antennae and legs are shorter; there are no 

 simple eyes ; and the compound ones are replaced by conglomerate 

 eyes. The pupa resembles the perfect insect, but the articulations 

 of the limbs are obscured by a film, and the wings inclosed in short 

 fixed sheaths. The antennae are turned back on the head, and the 

 insect, though it moves about, is much more sluggish than in the 

 other states/' (Haliday.) 



The different species of Thrips vary greatly in habits, some being 

 injurious to vegetation, while others are carnivorous. It should be 

 borne in mind that the insect commonly called The Thrips, that in- 

 fests the leaves of grape, is not a member of this order, but one of 

 the Leaf-hoppers (family Jassidae of the order Hemiptera). The 



