23O AN INTRODUCTION TO ENTOMOLOGY. 



having been observed to capture and destroy flies. Brauer figures 

 the larva of one species, and represents it with six true legs and 

 eight pairs of conical prop-legs. Unlike the larvae of Panorpa, this 

 did not mine in the ground, but remained on the surface hiding 

 under dry leaves and other rubbish. 



Merope. This genus was established for a very rare and remark- 

 able species. The wings are broad, with many transverse veins) 

 the ocelli are absent ; the eyes are large, kidney-shaped, and united 

 at the vertex ; the antennae are short, thick, and with the apex nar- 

 rowed. The abdomen of the male has very large forceps. 



Family IV. PHRYGANEID^E.* 



Order TRICHOPTERA of some authors.! 



(Caddice-flies^) 



The Caddice-flies are moth-like insects, which are common in the 

 vicinity of streams, ponds, and lakes ; and they are also frequently 



attracted to lights at night. But the larvae 

 of these insects are much better known 

 than the adults ; for the curious houses 

 of the caddice-worms have attracted at- 

 tention wherever there are observers of 



FIG. 196. Caddice-ny. 



insects. 



In the adult insect the body-wall is soft, being membranous or at 

 the most parchment-like, and is thickly clothed with hairs. There 

 are usually four ample wings. These are membranous ; but the 

 anterior pair are more leathery than the posterior. When not in 

 use they are folded against the sides of the abdomen, in an almost 

 vertical position, and give the insect a narrow and elongated appear- 

 ance. The wings are more or less densely clothed with hairs. In 

 some cases the hairs are scale-like in form. The second pair of 

 wings are generally broader than the front wings, and are often longi- 

 tudinally folded in repose. All have numerous longitudinal veins ; 

 but the transverse ones are few. 



The head is small ; the antennae are sectaceous, and frequently 

 several times as long as the body; the labium is usually elongate; 

 the mandibles are mere tubercles at the base of the labium ; the 

 maxillae are small, and ordinarily furnished with an obtuse maxillary 



* Phrygangidae, Phryganea: phryganon((ppvyavor}, a dry twig, 

 f TrichSptera: thrix (Opi^), a hair; pteron (rtrepov), a wing. 



