X PREFACE 



sixth edition of Gray's "Manual of the Botany of the 

 Northern United States." 



Besides consulting well-known writers on Natural History 

 subjects, I have derived much help from the publications 

 of the Ignited States Department of Agriculture, from the 

 publications of the Agricultural Experiment stations of 

 several states, and from the valuable German manuals of 

 Kiessling and Pfalz. 



To my fellow-teachers, J. E. Kenny, 0. T. Denny, and 

 H. W. Slack, of this city, I am indebted for reading the 

 manuscript. Messrs. Kenny and Denny have also rendered 

 me valuable assistance in reading the proof. 



With the wish that this little book may do its share of 

 work in the spread of education and in making our boys 

 and girls better and happier, it is submitted to teachers and 

 parents. 



L>. LANQE. 



ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, 

 April, 1898. 



