128 



PHOTOMICROGRAPHY 



illuminant is placed in each of the two folds. The folds 

 of the paper shield both camera and operator from direct 

 light, and also act as a capital reflector. The back- 

 ground may be white or coloured paper as desired. To 

 avoid shadows the object is fixed by plasticine or other 

 adhesive to a piece of plate glass supported some distance 

 from the background. If illumination of the object from 

 one side is required one or other of the lights is dispensed 

 with or lowered, and in this way the amount of 

 shadow required to give the necessary relief can be ob- 

 tained at will. To make a permanent apparatus the 



Fig. 40 



DIAGRAM OF REFLECTING ILLUMINATOR 



reflector is placed in a box fitted with lamp chimneys if 

 gas is used for illumination. Grooves or slides of similar 

 design to those used for the cameras shown at Figs. 1 and 2 

 can be made to carry the object-holder, and the back of 

 the box is made removable in order that the holder 

 may be moved backward or forward, or the object ad- 

 justed. The reflector is not continuous, the background is 

 attached to the back of the box and the lamp reflectors are 

 made of thin sheet metal, either bright or lined with white 

 paper. The front or lid of the box, which is hinged or 

 slides in a groove, is pierced with a central aperture, about 

 1 J" in diameter, and two pieces of clock-spring are screwed 

 on to it to hold transparent preparations. Electric light 



