HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS. 



155 



CAL 



der. In a good soil it grows about four feet 

 high, very branching from near the root, giving 

 the plant a most graceful outline. The flowers 

 are small, inconspicuous, in numerous axillary 

 cymes or clusters. The beauty of the plant con- 

 sists in its clusters of violet-colored berries, 

 which are exceedingly showy from September 

 until December. It is freely propagated by seed 

 or from cuttings. C. Japonica is also hardy. 



Calliopsis. Derived from kallistos, beautiful, and 

 opsis, the eye ; in allusion to the beautiful bright 

 eye of the flower. Linn. Syivjenesia-Pdygamia 

 1-Ynstranea. Nat. Ord. Composites. 



This is a genus of showy annuals, separated 

 from Coreopsis. They are of a hardy character, 

 requiring only to be sown in rich earth about 

 the end of March, and afterward thinned out. 

 Those taken up for the purpose may be trans- 

 planted, and will afford a later bloom. They 

 usually attain a height of about three feet, and, 

 consequently, should be sown some distance 

 from the margin of the bed. If a very early 

 bloom be desired, a few plants may be raised on 

 heat and transplanted in May. All are Ameri- 

 can plants, found from Arkansas toTexas. 



Calliprora. From kalos, beautiful, and prora, a 

 front ; referring to the front view of the flowers. 

 Linn. Hexandria-Monogynia. Nat. Ord. latiaoece. 

 C.lulca, the only species, is a beautiful little 

 yellow-flowering California bulb, the flowers of 

 which are produced in August, in umbels, droop- 

 ing, on short scapes. Not hardy in this climate. 

 Propagated by offsets. 



Callirhbe. Derivation unknown. Linn. Mona- 

 delph'ut-Polyandria. Nat. Ord. Malvacea:. 



This genus of American plants comprises both 

 annuals and perennials. The former are a showy, 

 free-blooming class, somewhat resembling the 

 Scarlet Linum ; the latter produce flowers much 

 larger and very beautiful, but are rarely met. 

 The annual varieties grow readily from seed ; 

 the perennials from seed or by division of root. 



Callistachys. From kalos, beautiful, and stachys, 

 a flower-spike. Linn. Decandria-Monogynia. Nat. 

 Ord. Leyuminosce. 



Green-house plants from New Holland, pro- 

 ducing beautiful yellow flowers. They grow 

 readily and without trouble under ordinary 

 treatment. Cuttings strike freely in sand, cov- 

 ered with a glass. Introduced in 1815. 



Callistemma. China Aster. From kallistos, most 

 beautiful, and stemma, a crown. Linn. Syngene- 

 sia-Superflua. Nat. Ord. Composite'. 



This genus contains two species, C. Indica 

 and C. fiortensis, the well-known China Aster, 

 the varieties of which are so universally grown. 

 The seed should be sown in March on a gentle 

 heat for the earliest bloom, and others may be 

 sown in the open ground as soon as it is fit to 

 work, to afford a succession of flowers. The 

 first, after being gradually inured to the open 

 air, may be removed to their destined places as 

 soon as danger from frost is past. The soil for 

 them cannot be too rich ; on this, and selecting 

 an open situation, rests all the art of obtaining 

 fine flowers. The species were introduced from 

 China in 1731. 



Callithruria. Derivation not explained. Linn. 

 Jlexandri'i^fn/Kx/t/ida. Nat. Ord. Antaryllidaceti.'. 

 A small genus of Peruvian bulbs, with yellow 

 flowers, produced on a slender scape before the 

 leaves start, like the Guernsey Lily. They may 

 be grown successfully, with the protection of a 

 frame during winter. Propagated by oflfsets. 

 Introduced in 1843. 



CAL 



Callitris. From kalos, beautiful ; referring to the 

 appearance of the whole plant. Linn. Aloncecia- 

 1'idynndrin. Nat. Ord. Pinacea'. 



A small genus of evergreen, cypress-like trees, 

 allied to Thuja. They are natives of New Hol- 

 land, Barbary, and the Cape of Good Hope. C. 

 qitadrivalvis is a large tree with straggling 

 branches. It is a native of Barbary, but can be 

 successfully grown from the Carolinas south- 

 ward. The resin of this tree is used in varnish- 

 making under the name of Gum Sandarach. It 

 yields a hard, durable, and fragrant timber, of a 

 mahogany color ; for which reason it is largely 

 used in the construction of mosques and similar 

 buildings in the north of Africa. 



Callixene. From kalos, beautiful, and xenos, a 

 stranger ; first discovered on the inhospitable 

 shore of Magellan's Land, so unlikely to have 

 such a plant. Linn. Hexandria-Monogynia. Nat. 

 Ord. LUiacece. 



A small genus of green-house evergreen climb- 

 ing shrubs, somewhat resembling the Lapageria, 

 to which they are closely allied. The flowers 

 are white, and produced in great abundance. 

 Propagated by division. 



Calluna. Heather. From kalluno, to adorn ; in 

 reference both to the beauty of the Heather, and 

 to its use as a scrubbing-brush or broom. Linn. 

 Octandria-Monogynia. Nat. Ord. Ericicece. 



C. vulgaris, the only species, is the well-known 

 "Heather" of Scotland, popularly known as 

 Ling or Common Heath ; a low-growing, much- 

 branched little shrub, with very pretty rose- 

 colored, purple, or white, fragrant flowers, pro- 

 duced in crowded axillary clusters, forming one- 

 sided (mostly) spikes or racemes. This beauti- 

 ful little plant has become naturalized in a few 

 localities in this country. It is reported at 

 Tewksbury, Mass., and at Cape Elizabeth, Maine. 

 It is also found sparingly in Nova Scotia and 

 Newfoundland. 



Calochortus. From kalos, beautiful, and chorius, 

 grass ; referring to the leaves. Linn. Hexandria- 

 Polygynia. Nat. Ord. LUiaceai. 



This genus contains some of our gayest and 

 most beautiful half-hardy bulbs. They were 

 found in Columbia and California by the in- 

 trepid and unfortunate Douglas, of Columbia. 

 The flowers somewhat resemble the Tulip in 

 shape. Colors are white, purple, and yellow, 

 most of them richly spotted. They grow freely 

 in light, sandy loaoa, should have slight protec- 

 tion in winter, and succeed well grown in pots. 

 They flower from July until September. Propa- 

 gated by offsets. Introduced in 1826. 



Calophan.es. From kalos, beautiful, and phaitio, 

 to appear. Linn. Didynamia-Angiosperm'ui. Nat. 

 Ord. Acanthacece. 



A fine hardy herbaceous plant from California, 

 bearing lively blue flowers, of little merit as a 

 border plant, as the flowers are too small to be 

 effective. Introduced in 1832. 



Calopog'on. From kalos, beautiful, and pogon, a 

 beard ; the lip being beautifully fringed. Linn. 

 i.Tifn'indri'i-Monandria. Nat. Ord. Orcliidacea:. 



A small genus of tuberous Orchids, found in 

 swampy situations on the south side of Long 

 Island and many other parts of the United 

 States. The flowers are borne on a scape grow- 

 ing about one foot high ; color bright purple, 

 quite conspicuous. Like most of our native Or- 

 chids, it improves by cultivation. Shady situa- 

 tions and a light, fibrous soil will suit it. 



Caltha. Marsh Marigold. A contraction of kalr 

 athos, a goblet ; referring to the shape of the 



