264 



HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS. 



ADV 



Adventitious. A term used to denote some 

 part or organ that is developed in an un- 

 usual position ; as the leaf-buds that ap- 

 pear on various parts of the surface of 

 the stem, instead of being confined, as is 

 generally the case, to the axils of the 

 leaves. Applied also to roots, etc. ; for 

 example, the Ivy throws out adventitious 

 roots from along the stems, by which it 

 clings to walls or trees for support. 



Adverse. "When one part is placed directly 

 opposite or over against another. Thus j 

 of the anther, when the suture is turned 

 towards the center of the flower, which 

 is the most usual case. 



jEgaricacece.A. class of Fungi resem- 

 bling the common Mushroom. 



JSqualis. This term signifies equality or 

 similarity in size, and is also used in the 

 sense of uniformity; thus, an equal um- 

 bel is an umbel of which the florets are 

 all alike. 



Equilateral Equal sided. See Equilateral. 



Aerial. Plants or parts of plants which 

 grow entirely above the surface of the 

 earth or water. 



Aerocysls. The air-cells ot Algce. 



Aerophytes. Plants growing wholly in the 

 air, such as epiphytal Orchids, many 

 Lichens, Bromeliads, etc., which are com- 

 monly called air plants, and the roots of 

 which cling to the bark of trees, etc. , and 

 absorb moisture from the atmosphere. 



sEruginous. Having a color like that of 

 (erufjo or verdigris, as Curcuma cerugi- 

 nosa. 



fatuous. Scorching, glowing, hue summer. 

 sJ&tical. Of or belonging to the summer. 

 ^Estivation. The manner in which the parts 

 of a flower are folded up before the flower 

 expands; applied to the calyx and corolla 

 of a flower when in the bud, before ex- 

 pansion. 



AKE 



Affinity. A term used in systematic botany, 

 signifying that one resembles another in 

 the principal part of its structure, as 

 is the case with Crowfoots and Poppy- 

 worts. See Analogy. 



Agglomerated. Heaped up, or collected 

 closely together into a head or mass ; as 

 the stamens in Anona and Magnolia, or 

 cones on a Scotch Pine, or the flowers of 

 a Scabious. 



Agglutinated. Glued to anything. Gener- 

 ally applied to filaments and anthers. 

 The same as adglutinated. 



Aggregated. Several things collected to- 

 gether into one body ; as the achenes in 

 the fruit of the Strawberry or Mulberry, 

 or the flowers of the Cuscuta. Applied to 

 the inflorescence. 



Agrestic. Pertaining to fields or the coun- 

 try, in opposition to the city ; rural. Ap- 

 plied to wild flowers, whether indigenous 

 or naturalized. 



Air-cells. Cavities in the cellular tissue, 

 which are sometimes irregular, but often 

 constructed with great beauty and regu- 

 larity in the form of hexagonal prisms. 

 They are filled with air, and in aquatics 

 serve the purpose of floating the stem 

 and leaves to the surface of the water. 

 In terrestrial plants, they give some 

 stems, as those of Bushes, a spongy 

 structure. 



Air Plants. A common name for Aerides. 

 The name is also applied to Epiphytes, 

 or plants which grow on trees and other 

 elevated objects, not in the earth, and 

 derive their sustenance from atmospheric 

 moisture. They are to be distinguished 

 from terrestrial plants, or those growing 

 in earth, and from, parasites, which de- 

 rive nourishment directly from other 

 plants on which they grow. 

 Akenium. See Achenium. 



