HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS. 



273 



ANF 



ration, and, in consequence, chilling the 

 tissues to such a degree as to retard de- 

 velopment, or induce an unhealthy con- 

 dition, or temporary sterility. 



Anfractuose. Twisted or sinuous; full of 

 turnings and winding passages. The 

 anthers of Gourds and Cucumbers are 

 anfractuose. 



Angiopteridece. A section of the maratti- 

 neous division of marattiaceous Ferns, 

 (see Marattiacece,} in which the spore-cases 

 are free, and set close together, face to 

 face, in two opposite contiguous lines. 



Angiospermia. The second order of the 

 fourteenth class (Didynamia) of the Lin- 

 nsean System. In modern classification 

 all Exogens are divided into those whose 

 seeds are inclosed in a seed vessel, and 

 those with seeds produced and ripened 

 without the production of a seed-vessel. 

 The former are Angiospermia, and consti- 

 tute the principal part of the species; 

 the latter are Gymnospermia, and consist 

 chiefly of Conifers and Cycads. The Oak, 

 Apple, Beech, etc., are Angiosperms; 

 while the Pines, Spruces, Hemlock, etc., 

 are Gymnosperms. See these terms. 



Angiosperms. The English term for Angio- 

 spermia. 



Angle. This term is not limited in botany 

 to the inclination of two lines, but is 

 often used to express the inclination of 

 two planes forming an edge, as in " An- 

 gular stems," like those of the Passiflora 

 quadrangular^. 



Anguinea. Signifying a snake. 



Angular. Composed of or furnished with 

 angles. 



Angulo-dentate. Angularly toothed, or an- 

 gular and toothed. 



Angustifolio us. Where the breadth of a leaf 

 is small when compared to its length, as 

 in Epilobium angustifoUum. 



ANO 



Anisomerous. When the parts of a flower 

 are unequal in number. The same as 

 Unsymmetrical, which see. 



Aniostaminous. Where the number of sta- 

 mens in a whorl is different from the 

 number of parts in the whorl of the 

 perianth. Thus in Scabiosa, the corolla 

 is formed by the adhesion of five petals, 

 while there are only four stamens. 



Annotinous. A year old. Rami annotini 

 are branches one year old. 



Annual. Applied to aplant, annual signifies 

 that it flowers, produces seed, and dies 

 within the same year in which it first ger- 

 minates. An annual leaf is one which falls 

 in the autumn, as contra-distinguished 

 from an evergreen leaf, which lasts 

 through the winter. 



Annular. Having the form of a ring, as in 

 certain embryos. 



Annulate. Surrounded by elevated rings 

 or bands, or by scars in that form. 



Annulaiions. Eings or circles. 



Annulus. A ring, as that which surrounds 

 the spore-case of a Fern, or the peri- 

 stome (which see) of a Moss; or the 

 membrane remaining round the stipe of 

 an Agaric when the cap has expanded. In 

 the latter case it is a membranous or fila- 

 mentous veil, inserted on the one hand 

 round the stem, and on the other into the 

 edge of the pileus, (which see,) so as to 

 cover the organs of reproduction. 



Anomalous. Irregular, unusual, contrary to 

 rule; as where a plant is very unlike the 

 great majority of those to which it is 

 most nearly allied; or where some organ 

 is remarkable for the singularity of its 

 shape, which cannot readily be assimilat- 

 ed to any common object for the purpose 

 of comparison; as in the petals of Del- 

 phinium and Aconitum. 



Anonymous. A name occasionally given by 



