HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS. 



279 



ARC 



of sperm atozoids. From this cell, either 

 the young plant, as in Ferns, or the cap- 

 sule, as in Mosses, is formed by means of 

 repeated cell division. 



Archil or Orchil. A coloring matter ob- 

 tained from various species of Lichens, 

 especially Eoccella tinctoria. 



Arcuate, Arcuated. Curved, or bent like a 

 bow. 



Ardens. Bright, glowing, burnished. 



Ardisiads. An English name for the order 

 Myrsinacece. 



Arenaria. Growing among sand. 



Areolce. Little spaces, or areas on the sur- 

 face of a thing; the surface of crustaceous 

 Lichens is often cracked in every direc- 

 tion; the spaces between the cracks are 

 the areolse. 



Areolate, Areolated. Divided off into dis- 

 tinct spaces, usually more or less angu- 

 lar. The skin of a plant is areolate. 



Argenteus. "White, with a tinge of gray, and 

 glittering with somewhat of a metallic 

 luster, as the silky hair on the leaves of 

 Evolvulus argenteus. 



Arid. Exhausted of moisture. This term 

 is used to denote a dry atmosphere in 

 plant houses or under glass. 



Arietinum. Resembling a ram's head. 



Aril, Arttlua. An expansion of the funicu- 

 lar chord; a body which rises up from 

 the placenta and encompasses the seed, 

 like the Mace in Nutmeg, and the red sac 

 in Euonymus. 



Arillode. A false aril ; a coating of the 

 seed proceeding from its own surface, and 

 not from the placenta. 



Arillate. Having that peculiar appendage 

 called the arillus, which see. 



Arista. The awn or beard of Wheat or 

 Barley, or any such like process. 



Aristate, Aristated. Bearded, as the glumes 

 of Barley, etc. 



ART 



Arislolochiacece, (Aristolochice, Asarinece, Pis- 

 tolochincB, Birthworts.) In the tropical 

 parts of both hemispheres, and occasion- 

 ally beyond those limits, occurs a race of 

 plants with singularly inflated, irregular 

 flowers, consisting of a calyx only, of a 

 dull, dingy color, varying from yellow to 

 shades of chocolate, purple, or brown, 

 and often emitting an offensive odor. A 

 hot summer appears to be one condition 

 of their existence, with a few exceptions, 

 the most striking of which are Asarums, 

 little stemless plants, wild in Europe and 

 North America, and the Aristolochia Clem- 



atitis, which has become, as it were, natu- 

 ralized in England. The wood of these 

 plants, when they have any, consists of 

 parallel plates, held closely together by 

 soft, medullary processes. The ovary is 

 inferior, with many ovules, and for the 

 most part consist of six cells, the number 

 three being, as in Endogens, characteris- 

 tic of the floral apparatus of the order. 

 In medicine these plants are slightly aro- 

 matic, stimulating tonics, useful in the 

 latter stages of low fever; the taste is bit- 

 ter and acrid; the odor strong and disa- 

 greeable. The principal genera are Aris- 

 tolochia and Asarum, which see. 



Arma. Such appendages as prickles, 

 thorns, etc., which serve as defenses to 

 protect plants against the attacks of ani- 

 mals. 



Armature, Arms. Any kind of defense, con- 

 sisting of spines, prickles, etc. 



Armeniacm. Apricot-colored; also, native 

 of Armenia. 



Armillaris. Like a bracelet. 



Aroma. The spicy quality of flowers, fruits, 

 foliage, etc. 



Arrhosus. Gnawed, bitten. 



Articulate, Articulated. Jointed, having 

 joints. 



