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HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS. 



BAR 



Bark. AH the outer integuments of a 

 plant beyond the wood, and formed of 

 tissue parallel with it. The only true 

 bark is that of Exogens. In Endogens, 

 False Bark, also called Cortical Integu- 

 ment, stands in the place of bark, from 

 which it is known by the fibrous tissue 

 of the wood passing into it obliquely. 



B<trk. The officinal name given to the cor- 

 tical layers of various plants, used chiefly 

 for medicinal and tanning purposes. The 

 name is, par excellence, applied to the Pe- 

 ruvian or Cinchona barks, the source of 

 Quinine. Of these there are many varie- 

 ties, namely: Calisaya Bark, Royal Yel- 

 low, Cinchona Calisaya; Light Calisaya, 

 C. Boliviano, C. scrobiculata ; Peruvian 

 Calisaya, C. scrobiculata, (Delondriana;) 

 Carabaya Ash, Jaen, C. ovata ; Dark Jaen, 

 C. villosa; Hard Carthagena, C. cordifolia; 

 Woody Carthagena, C. Condaminea ; 

 Spongy Carthagena, Coquetta, Bogota, C. 

 lancifolia, (Condaminea;) Crown, C. Cal- 

 isaya; Select Crown, C. chahuanguera ; 

 Ashy Crown, C. macrocalyx, C. rotundi- 

 folia; Fine Crown, C. crispa; Loxa Crown, 

 C. Condaminea; Wiry Crown, C. hirsuta; 

 Cinnamon, C. coccinea ; Cusco, Ariza, C. 

 pubescens; Red Cusco, St. Ann's, C. scro- 

 biculata ; Huanuco, Gray, C. micrantha, 

 C. glandulifera, C. nitida ; Original Loja, 

 C. uritusinga ; Negrilla, C. heterophylla ; 

 Red, G. conglomerata; Genuine Red, C. 

 tfuccirubra ; Spurious Red, C. magnifolia. 

 The principal sorts are sometimes classed 

 thus: Gray Barks: Crown or Loxa, C. 

 condaminea, C. scrobiculata, C. macrocalyx; 

 Lima, Huanuco, Silver, C. micrantha, C. 

 lanceolata, C. glandulifera, and probably 

 G.purpurea. Red Barks: C. nitida. Yel- 

 low Barks: C. Calisaya, C. micrantha, C. 

 Condaminea, C. lancifolia. Rusty Barks : 

 C. hirsuta, C. micrantha, C. owlifoha, and 



BAR 



probably C. purpurea. White Barks : C. 

 ovata, C. pubescens, C. cordifolia. For a 

 complete account of the medicinal Cin- 

 chona Barks, see Mr. Howard's splendid 

 volume, entitled, The Nueva Quinologia of 

 Pavon. 



The following Barks are also employed 

 officinally or economically : Alcornoco or 

 Alcornoque, the astringent bark of several 

 species of Byrsonima, or, according to 

 some authorities, of Bowdichia virgilli- 

 oides. Angostura Bark, the febrifugal 

 bark of Galipea Cusparia or G. officinalis. 

 Babul Bark, the astringent bark of Acacia 

 Arabica. Bastard Cabbage Bark, the bark 

 of Andira inermis ; the same as Worm 

 Bark. Bastard Jesuit's Bark, the bark of 

 Iva frutescens. Bonace Bark, the bark of 

 Daphne tinifolia. Canella Bark, the stim- 

 ulant aromatic bark of Canella alba. Ca- 

 ribcean Bark, the astringent bark of Ex- 

 ostemma caribceum. Cascarilla or Sweet 

 Wood Bark, the aromatic bark of Croton 

 Cascarilla and C. pseudo-China. China 

 Bark, the febrifugal bark of Buena hexan- 

 dra. Conessi Bark, the astringent bark 

 of Wrightia antidysenterica. Culilawan 

 Bark, the aromatic stimulant bark of (7m- 

 namomum Culilawan. Eleuthera Bark, the 

 aromatic bark of Croton Cascarilla. False 

 Angostura Bark, the bark of Strychnos 

 nux-vomica. French Guiana Bark, the 

 febrifugal bark of Portlandia hexandra. 

 Hemlock Bark, the astringent bark of 

 Abies Canadensis, used for tanning leather. 

 Jesuit's Bark, the same as Peruvian Bark. 

 Juribali Bark, an astringent bark of Dem- 

 erara, supposed to be the produce of some 

 Cedrelaceous plant. Melambo Bark, the 

 aromatic febrifugal' bark of some species 

 of Galipea, or one of its allies. Mesereum 

 Bark, the acrid, irritant bark of Daph- 

 ne Mezereum. Monesia Bark, the bark 



