306 



HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS. 



CAP 



Capillaie. Hairy, stringy. 



GapiUitium. Entangled filamentary matter 

 in Fungi. 



( V//KS, (adj. Capillaris.) The breadth of a 

 hair; the twelfth part of a line. 



Capitate. Having a head ; pin-headed, as 

 the stigma of the Primrose, or as certain 

 hairs. Also, growing in a head, or close 

 terminal clusters, as the flowers of Com- 

 posite?, etc. When a style is swollen at 

 the apex, as if capped, it is said to be 

 capitate. 



Capitdlate, Capitular, Capitulate. Growing 

 in small heads. 



CapUuii. Small heads. 



Capituliform. Formed like a small head. 



Capitulum. A close head of sessile flowers. 

 The term is also vaguely applied among 

 Fungi to the receptacle, pileus, or peri- 

 dium, which see. 



Capparidiacece, (Capparids.) A natural or- 

 der of Thalamifloral Dicotyledons belong- 

 ing to Lindley's Cistal Alliance. The or- 

 der is composed of herbs, shrubs, or trees 

 with alternate leaves and solitary or clus- 

 terad flowers; there are four sepals, im- 

 bricate or valvate; four petals, arranged j 

 crosswise, sometimes eight; the stamens i 

 are usually numerous, and a multiple of ; 

 four, placed at the top of a stalk-like re- 

 ceptacle; the disk is much developed. ! 

 The ovary is usually supported on a stalk, 

 and is one-celled, with parietal placentas, j 

 The fruit is either pod-like and opening, 

 or berried; the seeds are often kidney- 

 shaped, and without albumen. The order 

 is divided into two sub-orders: Cleomcn; 

 with dry, dehiscent (splitting) fruit, and 

 Capparece, with a berry fruit. The plants 

 are chiefly tropical, and abound in Africa 

 and India. Some are found in Europe 

 and in North America. They have pun- 

 gent and stimulant qualities, and lmv<> 



CAP 



been used for scurvy. The flower buds 

 of Capparis spinosa furnish the well-known 

 Capers. C. JEgyptiaca is thought by some 

 to be the Hyssop of Scripture. There 

 are thirty-three known genera and three 

 hundred and fifty-five species. Capparis, 

 Cleome, Polanisia, and Cratceva, are exam- 

 ples of the genera. 



Capparids. Another name for Capparidia- 

 cece, which see. 



Capreolus. A tendril. 



Caprification. A fertilization of flowers by 

 the aid of insects, as that of the Fig by a 

 small fly. 



Caprifoliaeece, (Lonicerece, Capri/oils, the 

 Honeysuckle family.) A natural order of 

 gamopetalous (which see) Calycifloral 

 Dicotyledons belonging to Lindley's Ci- 

 chonal Alliance. They are shrubs or 

 herbs, often twining, with opposite leaves 

 which have no stipules; the calyx is ad- 

 herent to the ovary, its limb four to five 

 cleft, and usually with small leaves 

 (bracts) at its base; the corolla is supe- 

 rior, regular or irregular; the stamens 

 are four or five, alternate with the lobes 

 of the corolla. The ovary is usually three 

 to five celled, and the stigmas three or 

 five. The fruit is generally a berry, with 

 one or more cavities, and crowned with 

 the calyx lobes; the albumen is fleshy. 

 They are natives of the northern parts of 

 Europe, Asia, and America, found spar- 

 ingly in Northern Africa, and unknown in 

 the southern hemisphere. Some are as- 

 tringent, and others have emetic and 

 purgative qualities. Many have showy 

 and fragrant flowers. The common 

 Honeysuckle (Lonicera) is one of the 

 most esteemed of our climbing or twin- 

 ing plants. Among other plants of the 

 order may be mentioned the Snowball or 

 Guelder Kose, (Viburnum opulus,) the 



