HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS. 



COT 



Cotyledons. The seed lobes; the primor- 

 dial leaves in the rudimentary plant or 

 embryo; the fleshy leaves that appear 

 above ground when a seedling plant be- 

 gins to grow, commonly called seed 

 leaves. Monocotyledons have only one 

 such leaf, as Grasses, Lilies, Palms, etc.; 

 Dicotyledons have two, as the Maple, 

 Elm, Pea, Bean, etc. 



Gotyliform. Dished; resembling rotate, 

 but with an erect limb. 



Cowled. See Cucuttate. 



Crass, Crassus. Something thicker than 

 usual. Leaves are generally papery in 

 texture; the leaves of cotyledons, which 

 are much more fleshy, have been called 



Crassulacece, (Semper vivce, Succulentce, 

 Houseleeks, Stonecrop family.) A natural 

 order of polypetalous Calycifloral Dicotyl- 

 edons, included in Lindley's Violal Alli- 

 ance. The order consists of succulent 

 herbs or shrubs with exstipulate (no 

 stipules) leaves and clustered flowers, 

 which are often turned toward one side; 

 sepals three to twenty, more or less com- 

 bined; petals three to twenty, separate 

 or united; stamens equal in number to 

 petals, or twice as many; ovary composed 

 of numerous one-celled carpels, hav- 

 ing scales at their base; fruit consisting 

 of follicles, (which see.) They are natives 

 of dry places in all parts of the world. 

 They are found on rocks, old walls, or 

 hot, sandy plains, exposed to the heaviest 

 dews at night, and the scorching rays of 

 the midday sun. Some species are as- 

 tringent. Sedum acre is very acrid, and 

 is hence called Wall Pepper. Sempervi- 

 vum tectorum, the Houseleek, is so called 

 from being grown in some places on the 

 tops of houses. Bryophyllum cdycinum 

 property of producing leaf- 



CRE 



buds or young plants along the margins 

 of its leaves. There are twenty-four 

 known genera and about 470 species. 

 Crassula, Sedum, Sempervivum, Bryo- 

 phyllum, and Penthorum are examples of 

 this order. 



Cratera. The cup-shaped receptacle of cer- 

 tain Fungi. 



Crateriform. Concave, hemispherical, a lit- 

 tle contracted at the base. 



Cream color. White, verging to yellow, 

 with little luster. 



Creeper. Properly, a plant that trails on the 

 ground. 



Creeping stem. In common usage, applied 

 to stems growing horizontally, both 

 above and under ground. An under- 

 ground stem. See Stem and Rhizome. 



Cremocarp. Fruit consisting of two or 

 more indehiscent, (which see,) inferior, 

 one-seeded carpels, adhering round a 

 distinct and separable axis, like the fruit 

 of Umbelliferse. 



j Crena, Crenature, Crenel. A round or con- 

 vex flat tooth. 



I Crenate, Creneled. Having convex flat 

 teeth, or rounded or scolloped notches; 

 applied especially to the indentations on 

 the edges of leaves. When these teeth 

 are themselves crenated, bicrenate is the 

 word used. Compare Serrate. 



Crenato-dentate. Divided at the edge into 



triangular notches. 



j Crenato-serrate. When serratures are con- 

 vex and not straight. 



Crenulate. Having the edge divided into 

 small crenels or round notches. 



Crested. Having an elevated, irregular, or 

 notched ridge resembling the crest of a 

 helmet; a stamen is crested when the 

 filament projects beyond the anther and 

 becomes dilated. This term is chiefly 

 applied to seeds, and to the appendages 



