HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OP PLANTS. 



357 



FUM 



northern hemisphere; a few occur at the 

 Cape of Good Hope. They possess slight 

 bitterness and acridity. There are 

 eighteen known genera and about 160 

 species. Fumaria, Dielytra, Corydalis, 

 and Hypecoum are examples of the order. 



Fumous, Fumose. Gray, changing to brown ; 

 smoke-colored. 



Fumeworts. The plants of the order Fu- 

 mariacece. 



Fumigating. See Insects. 



Funalis. Formed of coarse fibers resem- 

 bling cords. 



Function. The peculiar action induced by 

 the agency of vitality upon any pa,rt of a 

 living plant, when placed under certain 

 influences. 



Fundamental. Constituting the essential 

 part of anything ; in a plant, the axis 

 and its appendages. Fundamental or- 

 gans, the nutritive organs essential to 

 the existence of the individual. 



Fundus Plantce. The collar, or place of 

 juncture of the root and stem. 



Fungals. The plants of the order Fungi, 

 including Lichens. 



Fungi, (Fungals.} A large class of Crypto- 

 gams, distinguished from Algce more by 

 habit than by any general character. 

 They are divided into a number of 



GAL 



Fungiform, Fungilliform.-r-Cylindric&l, hav- 

 ing a rounded, convex, overhanging ex- 

 tremity. 



Funginous. Of or belonging to a Fun- 

 gus. 



Funicular. Having threads or Funiculse, 

 which see. 



Funiculus, Funicle. The cord or thread 

 which sometimes connects the ovule or 

 seed to the placenta. 



Funiliform. Formed of cord-like fibers ; 

 resembling a cord. 



Funnel-shaped. A calyx or corolla, or other 

 organ, in which the tube is obconical, 

 gradually enlarging upward into the 

 limb, so that the whole resembles a fun- 

 nel, as in the Convolvulus or Morning 

 Glory. 



Furcate. Having long terminal lobes, like 

 the prongs of a fork, as Ophioglossum 

 pendulum. 



Furfuraceous. Scurfy ; covered with soft 

 scales, which are easily displaced. 



Furrowed. Marked by longitudinal chan- 

 nels, as the stem of the Parsnip. 



Fuscous. Brown, with a grayish or black- 

 ish tinge. 



Fusiform. Spindle-shaped; thick, taper- 

 ing to each end, like the root of a long 

 Radish. Sometimes conical roots are 

 called fusiform. 



S~Yala, Galacto. In Greek compounds is 



equivalent to milk or white as milk. 



Galea. The helmet or arched part of a 



flower, always placed at the back, that is, 



next to the axis. 

 Galeworts. Lindley's name for the Myri- 



cacece. 



Galiacece, (Stdlates, Madderworts.) A natu- 

 ral order of calycifloral Dicotyledons be- 

 longing to Lindley's Cinchona! Alliance 

 of epigynous Exogens. Natives of the 

 northern parts of the northern hemi- 

 sphere, and of high mountains in South 

 America and Australia. Some of the 



