HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS. 



361 



GRA 



grafting, etc. "Wedge grafting consists 

 in sawing off the stock to be grafted, and 

 shaping the "cion" or "graft" like a 

 wedge, splitting the sawed off stock an 

 inch or two, and inserting the wedge- 

 shaped graft, being careful to let the 

 bark of the graft join the bark of the 

 stock. If the stock is more than an inch 

 in diameter a graft should be placed on 

 each side. The whip graft is used for 

 small stocks, which are of the thick- 

 ness of the cions to be grafted. The 

 stock and cion are cut with a similar 

 slope, an inch or more in length; to best 

 keep them in place before being covered 

 with wax or wax cloth, it is well to cut 

 what is called a " tongue" in the center 

 of each, so that, when placed to- 

 gether, the cion will keep in place, the 

 tongues being interlocked. The whip 

 system is that mostly used in root graft- 

 ing Roses, Apples, Clematis, etc. After 

 the cion has been attached to the stock 

 by any of the methods of grafting, it is 

 covered over either with a mixture of ad- 

 hesive clay and cow dung or grafting 

 wax, so as to keep it in position until it 

 starts to grow. 



Grafting wax can be purchased in most 

 seed stores, but when wanted in quantity 

 it is made according to the following for- 

 mula: four pounds rosin, thi-ee pounds 

 bees-wax, and two pounds of tallow. 

 This, heated and mixed, will give the 

 grafting wax of the shops. A conven- 

 ient way to use the grafting wax is to dip 

 in it thin calico or muslin cloth, which 

 can be torn into strips readily, and 

 wrapped around the graft so as to ex- 

 clude the air. 



Graft Hybrids. This is the term used by 

 Mr. Chas. Darwin, in his work, " Plants 

 and Animals under Domestication," to 



GRE 



describe what he believes to be an amal- 

 gamation of the stock and the graft, so 

 that there is a seeming blending of the 

 individualities in some few cases, which 

 he cites. This theory of Mr. Darwin's is 

 by no means universally accepted, and it 

 is to be regretted that it should have 

 been propounded with such a sparse ar- 

 ray of examples in illustrating such a 

 novel theory. 



Grammicus. When the spots upon a sur- 

 face assume the form and appearance of 

 letters. 



Graniform. Formed like grains; granu- 

 lar. 



Granular, Granulate. Divided into little 

 knobs and knots, as the roots of Saxifra- 

 ga granulate; covered as if with small 

 grains. 



Granules. Any small particles; grains; the 

 hollow shells which constitute pollen. 



Graveolens. Strong-scented; having a smell 

 which is unpleasant because of its in- 

 tensity. 



Green-house. The name generally given to 

 all kinds of glass structures. For private 

 purposes the styles are so varied that it 

 would be useless, in this work, to give 

 examples, as in such cases it is always 

 economy to employ a competent green- 

 house architect; but for commercial pur- 

 poses, in our own establishment, we use 

 exclusively the ridge and furrow style; 

 that is, the houses are joined to each 

 other by a ten or twelve inch gutter. 

 Each house is twenty feet wide at base, four 

 feet high at the gutter, and eleven feet 

 high at the apex, giving an angle to the 

 glass roof of about thirty-five degrees, 

 which slopes equally to east and west. 

 When green-houses are wanted for forc- 

 ing Roses or other flowers in winter, it is 

 better not to connect them together, fcut 



