2 ALLEN'S NATURALIST'S LIBRARY. 



kind distributed over every region of the globe, each exhibiting 

 differences in habits, customs and superficial complexion, Man 

 forms but one species, Homo sapiens, the sole representative of 

 the unique genus of his family. Though the genus Homo is 

 thus far apparently zoologically isolated, there is a remarkable 

 group of animals, which we designate "Apes," and which, 

 possessing many of the same structural characters more or less 

 modified, stand apart from all the other Mammalia, and make 

 a distinct approach to Man. Between Man, however, and the 

 Apes, even the untrained eye at once perceives, amid obvious 

 marks of inferiority, unmistakable resemblances, while anatomi- 

 cal investigations reveal that "the points in which Man differs 

 from the Apes most nearly resembling him, are not of greater 

 importance than those in which the Ape differs from other and 

 universally acknowledged members of the group." (Flower and 

 Lydekker?) The Apes, on the other hand, are so nearly related 

 to the Monkeys, the Baboons and the Marmosets, by characters 

 which insensibly merge into each other that they, along with 

 Man, must logically be embraced in the same zoological 

 division. The animals known to us as Lemurs, called by the 

 Germans "Half-Apes" and by the French "False-Monkeys," are 

 the nearest to the Apes and Man of all the remaining Mammals, 

 though there are many points of divergence from the above- 

 named groups. The Lemurs, in fact, exhibit considerable 

 affinity to lower forms of Mammalia, especially to the In- 

 sectivora, but in internal structure and habit they approach 

 the Anthropiform* group just referred to in the flattened 

 form of the digits, the opposable great toe, with its ankle- 

 bone (the ento-cuneiform) rounded for its articulation, as in the 

 higher Apes and Man. 



* &v6pwTros Man. 



