THE BABOONS. 267 



Cynocephalus anubis, Waterh., Mamm., Zool. Soc. Lond. (2), p. 



8 (1838) ; Gray, Cat. Monkeys Brit. Mus., p. 34 (1870). 

 Cynocephalus olivaceus, Is. Geoffr., Cat. Meth. Primates, p. 34 



(1851); id. Arch. Mus., v., p. 543, note (1848). 

 Papio anubis, Schl., Mus. Pays Bas, vii., p. 125 (1876). 



Characters. Snout very elongated ; nape of the neck crested. 

 Face black; general colour uniform olive-green ; the hairs being 

 grey at the base and ringed higher up with bars of black and 

 yellow ; arms and legs like the back ; the naked hands and feet 

 flesh-colour. 



Distribution. Interior of West Africa. Lagos, in the Bight of 

 Benin, is the port from which this species is generally shipped 

 to Europe. 



Habits. The Anubis Baboon is not a common species in 

 captivity, as the natives are terribly afraid of its strength and 

 ferocity. The animals wander about in companies, inhabiting 

 chiefly the dry, rocky, mountainous regions in the interior of 

 West Africa, feeding on the peculiar vegetation that they find 

 there ; digging up the roots of grasses, and gnawing with their 

 strong jaws the roots and stems of an extraordinary short, 

 woody, top-shaped plant, known as Welwitschia, which produces 

 in its youth two leaves, and never more in its lifetime, though 

 attaining to a great age. They feed also on the Scytonema, a 

 moisture-storing plant, which grows only on rocks. Though 

 affecting dry, rocky regions from choice, the Anubis Baboons 

 often descend in large hordes to the cultivated country, and 

 ravage the gardens of the natives. 



Mr. Darwin, in describing the expression of pleasure, joy, and 

 affection in Monkeys, observed that, when they were pleased, 

 the form of the lips differed a little from that when they were 

 angered. In the case of an Anubis Baboon which was first 



