254 SCIENTIFIC APPARATUS. 



Barrow, and Beechey from Point Barrow to Icy Cape in Behring 

 Strait. 



17. The discovery of the widely-extended archipelago, to the 

 north of Arctic America, was completed by the expeditions sent 

 out in search of the Erebus and Terror. Sir James Ross, in 1848, 

 was the first to make an extended sledge-journey with Lieutenant 

 M'Clintock, and thus to establish the true and only efficient 

 system of Arctic Exploration. Wintering at Port Leopold, he 

 discovered by this means the western coast of North Somerset, as 

 far south as Cape Bird. A general chart shows this discovery, 

 and the state of our knowledge in 1849. 



22. circum- iSa. In 1850 the expedition under Captain Austin 

 of 1850. sailed from England, with the Resolute, the Assistance 



23. Parry under Captain Ommanney, the Pioneer under Sherard 

 Arctic" 1 Osborn, the Intrepid under Cator ; and with M'Clintock, 

 1850" (A.) Aldrich, Allen, Browne, Mecham, Vesey Hamilton, 

 M'Dougall, and Clements Markham among the officers. 

 Captain Austin was obliged to winter in the pack, between 

 Griffith and Cornwallis Islands. In the spring of 1851 he 

 organized a comprehensive scheme of search which involved 

 extensive geographical discoveries. M'Clintock reached Melville 

 Island, and visited Parry's Winter Harbour, Aldrich examined the 

 western shore of Bathurst Island, Ommanney and Osborn dis- 

 covered Prince of Wales Land, and searched its western, while 

 Browne explored its eastern shore, Mecham discovered Russell 

 Island, of which Cape Walker forms the north-east extremity, 

 Vesey Hamilton searched Lowther and Somerville, Allen marched 

 to Garrett Island, and other officers explored the coasts and 

 islands nearer winter quarters. On the voyage home Captain 

 21. Track of Austin examined the entrance to Tones Sound in 



H AI S 



Assistance Baffin's Bay, correcting the coast-line, and the Gary 

 islands. (A.) Islands were visited by the Assistance. Thus a very 

 wide extent of new land was discovered by Captaia 

 Austin's admirably organized expedition. 



