632 THE VALVULAR ACTION OF THE LARYNX. 



The Coati* has a somewhat similar arrangement to the Bear, 

 but the Badgerf has ligaments of the usual position, the anterior 

 with a sharp margin, the posterior, however, being obtuse. The 

 ventricle is open and leads into a sac. The sound which this 

 animal emits is probably produced by the friction or impaction 

 which the air suffers against the posterior border of the anterior 

 cords and its division into these diverticula. 



The Civetf has a glottis like that of the Cat. 



It results from the structure of the larynx in the genus of 

 the cat tribe, that it is chiefly the anterior ligaments which 

 must perform the functions of vocal cords. Their union towards 

 the epiglottis forming a little vault against which the air must 

 strike with force, favours this view.§ 



Movements of the false cords only become apparent in great 

 expiration and inspiration. In phonation they do not advance 

 in the manner of a platform above the true cords, but they 

 depress and apply themselves on the basal portion of these so 

 as almost entirely to efface the entry of the ventricle of the 

 larynx, and to limit the vibrations of the true cords to a certain 

 length. II As the voice rises, these membranous folds cover pro- 

 gressively from without inwards the vocal cords. IF 



Pinnigrada. — The Seal** has an obtuse vocal cord which is 

 but slightly free. The anterior ligament blends with the base 

 of the epiglottis. The ventricle is superficial. 



The Marmot has a very sharp margin of the anterior liga- 

 ment, more so, in fact, than that of the posterior.ff 



Class IV may be regarded as containing animals which would 

 belong to the third class, had they not some " cavernous " 

 character superadded, and also animals of a less perfect type. 



The Llama has false and true cords, a ventricle, and a 

 common larynx, and therefore with the Camel (Camelus hactri- 

 anus) forms an exception to the usu;|l Euminant type. (The 

 latter animal has a trachea 3 feet in length, but very narrow ; 

 its larynx is small and its voice proportionately weak.)!}: 



* Cuvier, p. 788. t I^id. 



t Hid. § Ibid., p. 787. 



II Milne-Edwards, p. 512. 1 Ibid., p. 525. 



** Ibid., p. 788. tt Cuvier, p. 789. 



XX DiHsertatio Anatomica, p. 23. 



