386 



Index 



principle of Coffee, 197 ; Caffeine, 

 197 ; Coffee Substitutes and 

 Adulterants, 198 ; Chicory, ibid. ; 

 Negro Coffee, ibid. 

 Illustrations : — Coffee Plantation 

 in Basoko, 174 ; Coffee Planta- 

 tion with Interplanted young 

 trees of Assam Rubber, 175 ; A 

 Liberian Coffee Plant in flower, 

 176 ; Map of the Coffee-producing 

 Countries of the World, 177 ; 

 Liberian Coffee, 178 ; Costa Rica, 

 Coffee in Bloom, 179 ; Fruiting 

 Branch of Arabian Coffee, 180 ; 

 Nursery of Coffee Seedlings, 181 ; 

 Java, Grafted Coffee Plants, 182 ; 

 An Eastern Coffee Estate, 183 ; 

 Queensland, Coffee Eighteen 

 Months after . being planted 

 out, 184 ; Liberian Coffee Plants 

 three to four years old, 185; 

 Liberian Coffee Cultivation in 

 Surinam, 186 ; Straits Settle- 

 ments, Coffee Plantations with 

 Shade Trees and young Rubber 

 Plants, 187 ; Java, Coffee in 

 full Flower, 188 ; Open-air Dry- 

 ing of Coffee in Nicaragua, 190 ; 

 Java, stone coffee drying floors 

 with moveable roofs, 191; Suri- 

 nam, Drying Coffee, 192 ; Hulling 

 Coffee in Java, 193 ; Sorting 

 Coffee in Mexico, 194 ; The Last 

 Examination before Shipment, 

 195 ; Roasting Coffee, 196 ; 

 Jamaica Coffee Trees, 197 

 Colocynth, 338, 339 

 Columbus, Christopher, 202 

 Cook, Mr. O. F., 185 

 Copals, 348 



Cotton, the most important of all 

 the fibres, 327, 328 ; antiquity of 

 cotton, 328 ; Cotton plant 

 belongs botanically to the mal- 

 low order, 330 ; description of 

 the plant, ibid. ; Cotton-produc- 

 ing Countries, 330, 331 ; varieties, 

 331, 332 ; Upland Cottons, Indian 

 Cottons, Sea Island Cotton, 331 ; 

 Egyptian, Kidney, and other 

 Cottons, 332 ; Cultivation, ibid. 

 Illustrations : — Labolabo Cotton 

 Farm, Gold Coast, 327 ; A 

 Southern Cotton Plantation, 

 U.S.A., 328 ; Map of the Cotton- 

 producing Countries of the World, 

 329 ; Shipping Cotton at New 

 Orleans, 330 ; Cotton on the 

 Wharf at New Orleans, 331 ; The 

 Cotton Plant, 332 

 Couch Grass, 4 

 Cucumber, 262 

 Cudbear, 358 

 Cutch, 356 



I) 



Darwin, Charles, 50 



De Caftdolle, 50, 59, 60, 63, 114, 



115, 146 

 Dematophora Necatrix, 238 

 Dhuvia. See Guinea Corn 

 Divi-Divi, 353 

 Douglas Fir, 299 

 Drake, Sir Francis, 203 



Drugs. Indian hemp, from which 

 Bhang is prepared, 333 ; Rhubarb 

 333, 334 ; Podophyllum Rhi- 

 zome, 334 ; Aconite root, 334 ; 

 Ipecacuanha Root, 336 ; Jalap, 

 336, 337 ; Belladonna Leaves, 

 337 ; Coca Leaves, 338 ; Senna 

 Leaves, 338 ; Colocynth or 

 Bitterapple, 338, 339 ; Nux 

 Vomica, 339 ; Cola or Kola Nuts, 

 ibid. ; Areca or Betel Nuts, 339- 

 340 ; Barks and . Woods, 340- 

 342 ; Cinchona Bark, 340 ; Prin- 

 cipal Constituents of, 341 ; Cas- 

 cara Sagrada, 341 ; Guiacum 

 Wood, 341 ; Quassia Wood, 341 

 342 ; Picrum Excelsa, 342 

 Extracts, 342-343 ; Opium, 342 

 Aloes, 342-343 



Illustrations : — Java, Govern- 

 ment Quinine Plantation, 333 ; 

 Drying and Packing Quinine, 

 334 ; Drying Quinine, 335 ; 

 Founding a Quinine Plantation, 

 336 ; Young Plantation of Cin- 

 chona Succirubra, 337 ; Alexan- 

 drian Senna Leaves, 338 ; Aloes, 

 339 ; Belladonna, 340 ; The 

 Kola Tree, 341 ; Jalap Root, 

 342; Aloes, 343. 



Dves. See under Tans. 



Earth or Ground Nut Oil. 373, 374 



Elm, 302 



Emmer. See Spelts. 



Essential Oils. Nature of Volatile 

 Oils, 358 ; Method of Distillation, 

 360 ; Oil of Turpentine, 360 ; 

 Geranium Oil, Lemon Grass Oil, 

 Lavender Oil, 361 ; Oils obtained 

 from Citrus species, 361 ; Oils 

 used as Flavouring Agents, 361 ; 

 Essential Oil of Almonds, 361 ; 

 Juniper Oil, Wormwood Oil, 362 ; 

 Volatile Oils used as drugs, 

 ibid. ; Camphor, Eucalyptus, 

 Peppermint, ibid. 

 Illustrations : — Cutting Pepper- 

 mint, 357 ; Gathering Mint, 

 358 ; Cutting Lavender, 359 ; 

 Cutting Lavender, 360 ; Gathering 

 Belladonna, 361 



Faham Tea, 174 



Fibres. Importance of the Culti- 

 vation of Fibre-yielding Plants, 

 312 ; History of, 313 ; Fabric 

 Fibres, 313-320; Flax Cultiva- 

 tion in, 313-315; Best Flax in 

 Belgium, 314 ; Preparation, 314- 

 315 ; Hemp, 316 ; Best Varieties, 

 Creamy White, 316 ; Jute, two 

 Species of, 316, 317 ; Grows best 

 in damp, hot atmosphere, 307 ; 

 Method of Plucking, 318 ; 

 Racine, Rhea, China Grass, 318, 

 319 ; True China Grass prepared 

 by hand in China, 319 ; The 

 Degumming Process, 319 ; Pine- 



apple Fibre, 320 ; Manila Hemp, 

 320 ; Finest Grades a light bull 

 colour, 321 ; Sisal Hemp, 321 ; 

 Raspador Machines for Sepa- 

 rating Fibre, 321 ; Agave Fibres, 

 321-322 - r Phormium Fibre, 322 ; 

 Bowstring Hemps, 322 ; Mauritius 

 Hemp, 323 ; Coir, 324 ; Brush 

 Fibres, 324 ; Borassus Fibre, 325; 

 Paper-making Fibres, 325, 326 ; 

 Papyrus, 326 ; Silks and Flosses, 

 326-327 ; most important is 

 Kapok, 327 ; Yachan Floss, 327 

 Miscellaneous Fibres, 327 ; Tapor 

 Cloth and Uganda Bark Cloth, 

 327 ; Deccan Hemp, ibid. ; " Cuba 

 Bast," ibid. 



Illustrations : — The Kapok Tree, 

 312 ; Natives making Matting, 

 Monteney, Mexico, 313 ; Carrying 

 Hemp, 314 ; The Cultivation of 

 Hemp, 315 ; Borassus Palm, 316 ; 

 Making Rope in Manila, 317 ; 

 Natives making Rope, Monteney, 

 Mexico, 318 ; A Load of Manila 

 Hemp at Cuba, 319 ; Portable 

 Scutching Machine, 320 ; Coco- 

 Nut Yucca, 321; Gathering Hemp, 

 322 ; New Zealand Flax, 323 ; 

 Scutching Machine, 324 ; Borassus 

 Palms, 325 ; Giant Aloe, Bar- 

 bados, 326 



Flax, 314, 315 



Flour, Manufacture of, 17 ; Differ- 

 ent Kinds of, 18 



Foodstuffs, General Remarks on, 

 1, 2 



Fruits. Annual Imports of Raw 

 Fruits, 263 ; Orchard Fruits, 

 264-266 ; The Apple, 264 ; The 

 Pear, ibid. ; Imports of Pears, 

 265-266 ; The Medlar, 266 ; Stone 

 Fruits, 266-268 ; The Plum, 266 ; 

 Prunes, ibid. ; Dawson, ibid. ; 

 The Apricot, 267 ; The Peach, 



267 ; Cherries, 268 ; Small 

 Fruits, 268, 269 ; Red Currants, 



268 ; The Gooseberry, 269 ; 

 The Raspberry, the Mulberry, 

 the Strawberry, ibid. ; Exotic 

 Fruits, 270-278; The Common 

 Orange, 270 ; The Seville or 

 Bitter Orange, 270 ; The Berga- 

 mot and Mandarin Oranges, 272 ; 

 The Citron, 272 ; The Lemon, 

 272-273 ; The Lime, Sweet Lime, 

 Shaddock, 273 ; Bananas, 273, 



274 ; The Grape, importance of, 



275 ; Raisins, 275 ; Dates and 

 Figs, 275 ; The Pineapple, 275- 



276 ; Mango, Olives, and Pome- 

 granate, 276 ; The Soursop, 

 Avocado Pear, the Papaw, 

 Litchis, Almonds, 277 ; Sweet 

 Chestnuts, Coco-Nuts, 278 ; 

 Hazel Nuts, Brazil Nuts, Walnuts, 

 Hickory Nuts, Ground Nuts, 

 Cashew Nuts, 278 

 Illustrations : — The Melon, 263 ; 

 Growing Pineapples, 264 ; The 

 Mango Tree, 265 ; Custard Apple, 

 266 ; Mysore, a Gigantic Mango 

 Tree, 267 ; Jamaica, a Typical 

 Pinery, 268 ; The Guava Fruit. 

 269 ; A Fruit Ranche at Los An- 

 gelos, 270 ; A Southern Californian 



