390 



Index 



Timbers. The United Kingdom 

 dependent on other Countries, 

 297 ; Deal and White Deal, 297 ; 

 White Pine, Pitch Pine, 298 ; 

 Short Leaf Pine, 299 ; Sugar 

 Pine, Douglas Fir, ibid. ; Kauri 

 Pine or Cowrie Pine, 299, 300 ; 

 Importance of in New Zealand, 



300 ; Larch, ibid. ; Hemlock, 



301 ; Birch, Alder, White Wood, 

 Bass Wood, 301 ; Oak, Chestnut 

 Wood and Elm, 302 ; Beech, 



304 ; Sycamore, Plane and 

 Maple, 304 ; Poplar and Walnut, 



305 ; Holly, ibid. ; Ash, 306 ; 

 Boxwood, ibid. ; Cedar, 306, 

 308 ; Cedar of Lebanon, Deodars, 

 West' Indian Cedars, 308 ; Red 

 Cedar, 309 ; Californian Red- 

 wood, 309, 310 ; Canadian Red 

 Cedar, 310 ; Mahogany, ibid. ; 

 Rosewood, 311 ; Satinwood, 

 ibid.; Ebony, 311, 312; Anda- 

 man Pedank, 312 ; Teak, Green- 

 heart, Lignum Vitae, Jarrah, 

 Karri, and Mora, 312 

 Illustrations : — A Mahogany Tree, 



297 ; Crib Time in the Bush, 



298 ; Oxen Hauling Kauri Logs, 



299 ; A Giant Cedar Tree, 300 ; 

 Felling a Kauri Tree, 301 ; A 

 Saw Mill, 302 ; A Giant Cedar 

 Tree, 303 ; A Lumber Camp, 

 British Columbia, 304 ; Felling 

 A Redwood Tree, 305 ; A Big 

 Tree, California, 306 ; Kauri 

 Tree Falling, 307 ; A Philippine 

 Saw Mill, 308 ; A Saw Mill and 

 Slip/ Minneapolis, U.S.A., 309 ; 

 Sawing Kauri Tree, 310 ; Timber 

 Logs in the Ottawa River, 311 



Tobacco. Prepared from the 

 Leaves of several Species of 

 Nicotiana, 198 ; Description of 

 Species of Nicotiana, 199, 200 ; 

 Origin of the word Tobacco, 201 ; 

 Discovery of Tobacco by Eu- 

 ropeans, 202-209 ; Introduced to 

 Europe through Spain, 203 ; 

 Introduction to France, 204 ; to 

 the Dutch, ibid. ; Attempts to 

 check smoking in Holland, 205 ; 

 Importance of the Trade in 

 Holland, 205, 206 ; Tobacco in 

 Russia, 207, 208 ; the Botany of 

 Tobacco, 208, 209 ; The Com- 

 mercial Classification of Tobacco, 

 209, 210 ; a Good Tobacco, 210, 

 211, 212; National Tastes in 

 Tobacco, 213 ; Statistics of 

 National Consumption, 214 ; The 

 Chemistry of Tobacco, 214 ; the 

 World's Production of Tobacco, 

 statistics of, 216 ; Cultivation in 

 the United States, 216, 217 ; 

 Statistics of the Industry in the 

 States, 218 ; Cultivation in the 

 States, 219, 220 ; The Curing 

 Process, 221, 222 ; Ferment, 222, 

 223 ; Manufacture, 224, 225 ; 

 Tobacco in Cuba, 225, 226 ; 

 Tobacco in Sumatra, 226 ; To- 

 bacco in the Philippines, 227 ; 

 Tobacco in the British Empire, 

 227, 228 ; in British North 

 Borneo, 228 ; in Jamaica, 228 ; 



Tobacco in Africa, 229 ; in 

 Australasia, ibid. ; in the United 

 Kingdom, 229 ; Tobacco Fac- 

 tories, 230 



Illustrations : — Packing Cigar- 

 ettes in Holland, 198 ; Clearing 

 the Forest for Tobacco in Suma- 

 tra, 199; Buffalo "Ploughs at 

 Work, 200 ; Planting up New 

 Land, 201 ; British North Bor- 

 neo, young Tobacco Plants under 

 Shade, 202 ; A Tobacco Field in 

 Sumatra, 203 ; A Cuban Planta- 

 tion, 204 ; A Field of Ripe 

 Tobacco, 205 ; Harvesting the 

 Leaf, 206 ; Map of the Tobacco- 

 producing Countries of the World, 

 207 ; Tobacco Grown for Seed 

 Purposes in Sumatra, 208 ; Bring- 

 ing in the Leaf for Inspection, 

 209 ; Curing the Leaf in the 

 Open Air, 210 ; Interior of a 

 Curing Barn, 211 ; Interior of a 

 Fermentation House, 212 ; Carry- 

 ing Tobacco in North Borneo, 213; 

 Transport of Mexican Tobacco, 

 214; Loading Bales of Tobacco, 

 215; Stripping the Leaf, 216; 

 Cutting Turkish Tobacco by 

 Hand, 216 ; a Tobacco-cutting 

 Machine, 217 ; Cutting Cigarette 

 Tobacco, 218 ; Packing Turkish 

 Tobacco, 219 ; A Cigarette- 

 Tobacco Expert, 220 ; A Turkish 

 Pipemaker's Workshop, ibid. ; 

 A Bridal Pipe from Holland, 221 ; 

 Sorting Turkish Cigarette To- 

 bacco, 222 ; Making Turkish 

 Regie Cigarettes by Machinery, 



223 ; Making Cigarettes by Hand, 



224 ; Making Cigars, 228 ; Sort- 

 ing Cigars, 226 ; Packing Cigar- 

 ettes into Boxes, 227 ; Sorting 

 Room, Gallaher's Factory, 228 ; 

 Corner of Leaf Room, Gallaher's 

 Factory, 229 



Tomato, 262 



Triple Effect (Sugar), 97, 109 

 Tung or Wood Oil, 366, 367 

 Turnip, The, 262 

 Turpentine, 349 



Valoria, 350 

 Vanilla, 377, 378 

 Van der Meer, William, 204 

 Van Houten, C. J., 130, 132 

 Vegetables. Importance of Vege- 

 tables, 254 ; Imports of, 254 ; 

 Potatoes, 255 ; Cultivation of, 

 256 ; Diseases of, ibid. ; Im- 

 ports of, 257 ; Sweet Potatoes 

 and Yams, 257 ; Artichokes, 257; 

 Pulses, 257-258 ; Peas, 258 ; 

 Statistics of, 259 ; Beans, 259 j 

 Tropical and Sub-tropical Pulses, 

 259 ; Grain or Chick Pea, 260 | 

 Lentils, Soya Bean, Pigeon Pea, 

 Cow Pea, Green Grain, Scarlet 

 Runner, ibid. ; Kidney Bean, 261; 

 the Cabbage Family, 261-263 ; 

 Common Cabbage, Savoy Cab- 

 bage, Brussels Sprouts, Borecole, 

 Portugal Cabbage, Cauliflower, 



261 ; Broccoli, Turnip, the Swede, 

 Mangel Wurzel, Tomato, the 

 Brinjal or Aubergine, the Onion, 

 the Cucumber, 262 ; the Vege- 

 table Marrow, Asparagus, Cap- 

 sicums, Carrots, Celery, 263 

 Illustrations : — Celery, 257 ; Ex- 

 perimental Plantation of Pota- 

 toes, 258 ; Nova Scotia, a Field 

 of Roots, 259 ; Mushrooms, 260 ; 

 Chili and Capsicum, 261 ; Hoeing 

 Pumpkins, 262 



Vegetable Oils and Fats. Fats and 

 Fixed Oils, 362 ; Methods of 

 Obtaining Oil from Seeds or 

 Fruits, 363, 364 ; Drying Oils, 

 364-368 ; Linseed Oil, 364, 366 ; 

 Candle Nut Oil, 366 ; Tung or 

 Wood Oil, 366, 367 ; Hemp Seed, 

 Maw, Safflower, and Walnut 

 Oils, 367 ; Niger Seed Oil, 368 ; 

 Sunflower Oil, 368 ; Semi-Drying 

 Oils, 368, 372 ; Cotton Seed 

 Oil, 368-370 ; Value of Oil Cake 

 370 ; Sesamum or Gingelly, 370 

 Rape Oils, 371 ; Kapok Oil, 371 

 Maize Oil, 371 ; Non-Drying Oils, 

 372-374 ; Olive Oil, 373 ; Earth 

 or Ground Nut Oil, 373 ; Cultiva- 

 tion and Expression, 373, 374 

 Tea Seed Oil, 374 ; Castor Oil 

 ibid. ; Vegetable Fats or Tallows 

 374-377; Palm Oil, 374-376 

 Preparation of, 375, 376 ; Carapa 

 Fat, 376 ; Phulwara Butter, 377 

 Shea Butter, ibid. 

 Illustrations : — Coco-Nuts, 362 

 Palm Oil Tree, 363 ; Olive Trees, 

 364 ; Camphor Tree, 365 ; Gold 

 Coast : Miller's Palm Nut-crack- 

 ing Machine at Work, 366 ; A 

 West Indian Palm Beach, 367 

 Oil Palm, 368 ; Copra Drying, 

 369 ; Rafia Venifera Palms, 370 ; 

 Preparing Palm Oil on the Gold 

 Coast, 371 : Anglo-American 

 Hydraulic Oil Press, 372 ; Self- 

 contained Belt - driven Edge 

 Stones, 373 ; Seed Heating 

 Kettle, 374 ; Self-acting Cake 

 Moulding Machine and Seed- 

 heating Kettle, 375 ; Anglo- 

 American Seed-Crushing Rolls, 

 376 



Victoria, Viticulture of, 253 



Virgin Tea of China, 156 



W 



Wattle Barks, 352, 353 



Wattle Gums, 347 



Wheat. Introductory Remarks, 2 ; 

 Wild Wheat, ibid. ; Wheat 

 Grasses, 4 ; Species of Wheat, 

 ibid. ; Small Spelt, ibid. ; Wheat 

 and Spelts, 5 ; Polish Wheat, 

 ibid. ; Common, Dwarf, English 

 and Hard Wheats, ibid. ; Culti- 

 vation, 6 ; Requirements of Soil, 

 8 ; How it should be Sown, 8, 9 ; 

 Harvesting, 10, 11 ; Cultivation 

 in China, 12 ; Russian Methods 

 of Cultivation, 14 ; Hard Wheats 

 ibid. ; Macaroni Wheats, ibid. ; 

 Excellence of the Straw, 16 ; 

 Storage of in Barn, 16 ; Protection 



